Treatment of electronic communications based on user association with one or more online groups

ABSTRACT

A method is described for call treatment based on user association with one or more user groups. The method includes receiving a phone call from a call source that is directed to a call recipient, identifying a user group associated with the call recipient, and determining a number of received indications assigned to the user group. The received indications are assigned to the user group by users associated with the user group, and the received indications reflect a desire by the users for a special treatment of future calls from the call source. The method also includes distinguishing treatment of the phone call from the call source based on the number of received indications.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a continuation in part of U.S. applicationSer. No. 11/016,962, filed Dec. 21, 2004 and claims priority from thatapplication and from U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/862,328,filed Oct. 20, 2006 and U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No.60/882,824, filed Dec. 29, 2006. The contents of the prior applicationsare incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This application relates to call treatment based on user associationwith one or more user groups.

BACKGROUND

Telephone call recipients may block calls from undesirable call sources,such as telemarketers, on a national or on an individual level. Forexample, calls from call sources nationally recognized as typicallyundesirable may be blocked for call recipients that are registered withthe National Do Not Call Registry. The National Do Not Call Registryblocks calls from the recognized call sources to all registered callrecipients. The call recipients may add call sources to the National DoNot Call Registry, which results in calls from the added call sourcesbeing blocked for all registered recipients. In addition, an individualrecipient may specify call sources whose calls are blocked only for theindividual recipient.

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a communications system for providing atelephone call handling list for multiple users.

FIG. 2 is an illustration of a notification of an incoming telephonecall.

FIG. 3 is an illustration of a notification of a blocked telephone callfrom a telemarketer.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a process for specifying a list of callsources whose calls are specially handled for a group of users.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a process for handling a telephone call basedon whether the call is from a source included in a list of call sourceswhose calls are handled specially.

FIGS. 6A-6C provide a flow chart of a process for handling a call to auser for whom calls from undesirable sources are handled specially.

FIGS. 7A and 7B provide a flow chart of a process for handling a callbased on the selection of an option from a notification of the call.

FIG. 8 is an illustration of an interface for manually specifying a listof call sources for which calls are specially handled.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a list of call sources whose calls arespecially handled.

FIG. 10A illustrates a communications system for specially treatingcalls from call sources.

FIG. 10B illustrates an exemplary personal preference table associatedwith a call recipient.

FIG. 10C illustrates an exemplary master table associated with aplurality of user groups.

FIG. 11A illustrates a call notification interface that may be presentedto a user associated with a telephone number to which a call announcedby the call notification interface was placed.

FIG. 11B illustrates an exemplary user interface that may be presentedto a user, allowing the user to identify one or more user groups.

FIG. 12A illustrates an exemplary process that is used to identify acall source to which a special treatment should be applied for at leastone user and a desire for similar treatment should be applied for otherusers associated with the at least one user.

FIG. 12B illustrates an exemplary process used for specially treatingcalls from a call source to a call recipient based on the number ofreceived indications corresponding to the call source from members of auser group of the call recipient.

FIGS. 13A-13C illustrate a process used for treating a call to a callrecipient for which calls from call sources are treated specially.

FIGS. 14-16 illustrate exemplary notification interfaces each having aparticular presentation style.

FIG. 17 illustrates an exemplary process used by a call handling systemto specially treat a call from a call source based on indicationsreceived from members of multiple user groups.

FIG. 18 illustrates an exemplary process used by a call handling systemto identify multiple special treatments based on indications receivedfrom members of multiple user groups.

FIG. 19 illustrates an exemplary notification interface generated as aresult of the process illustrated by FIG. 18.

FIG. 20 illustrates an exemplary process used by a call handling systemto identify an active online identity associated with a call recipientand to apply a user group filtering to a call source based on the one ormore user groups associated with the active online identity.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In one implementation, a call handling system allows a call recipient tocast a vote against a particular call source. The vote may reflect adesire for special treatment of present and future calls from the callsource. The special treatment may include special presentation and/orspecial handling. The special handling may include preventing the futurecalls from the call source to reach the call recipient. Alternatively,the special handling may include ignoring future calls from the callsource or forwarding future calls from the call source to a particularclient device (e.g., a voice mail device). The special treatment alsomay include special presentation of future calls from the call source.The special presentation may include presenting the call with adistinctive color and/or presenting the call with information regardingthe total number of votes received against the call source. In anotherimplementation, the call recipient may cast a vote for, rather thanagainst, the particular call source. In this implementation, the vote isa positive vote indicating, for example, that the call source istrusted. Special handling of trusted call sources may include forwardingthe call directly to a preferential client device (e.g., personal cellphone).

In addition, the call handling system allows the call recipient to applythe call recipient's vote to one or more user groups associated with thecall recipient. The user groups associated with the call recipientinclude, for example, the user's buddy list, the user's family, groupsrelated to the user's interests or hobbies (e.g., the hunter'senthusiast club and members of a forum or bulletin board associated withskiing), groups related to the user's profession (e.g., Michigan BarAssociation), groups related to the user's political affiliation (e.g.,Young Republicans of Virginia) and groups related to the user's work(e.g., project team groups). To this end, the call handling system mayprovide the call recipient with a user interface (“UI”) that includes atriggering tool (e.g., an icon), allowing the call recipient toselectively assign the call recipient's vote to one or more user groupsassociated with the call recipient. In this manner, the call recipientmay direct the call handling system to utilize the vote for other userswithin the one or more user groups.

The call handling system may keep track of the number of votescorresponding to the call source within various user groups and, basedon the number of votes corresponding to the call source, the callhandling system may determine how to treat an incoming call from thecall source that is directed to a user that is a member of or associatedwith a user group. As such, the user to which the call is directed maytake advantage of this special treatment regardless of whether or notthe user has previously received calls from the call source.

In one specific example, a call source places a call to a callrecipient, and the call handling system identifies a user group to whichthe call recipient belongs and accesses the number of votes cast againstthe call source and assigned to the user group by members of the usergroup who have previously received calls from the call source. The votes(or indications) reflect the members' desire for special treatment offuture calls from the call source. Based on the number of votes, thecall handling system determines how to treat the incoming call from thecall source to the call recipient. The special treatment of the incomingcall by the call handling system may include handling the call and/orpresenting the call to the call recipient in a manner that varies basedon the number of votes.

The call handling system may vary the call handling based on the numberof votes, by, for example: (1) allowing the call to reach the callrecipient if the number of votes (or indications) against the callsource does not exceed a first threshold; (2) forwarding the calldirectly to voice mail if the number of votes (or indications) againstthe call source exceeds the first threshold but does not exceed a secondthreshold; and (3) preventing the call from reaching the call recipientif the number of votes (or indications) against the call source exceedsthe second threshold.

The call handling system may vary the presentation of the call based onthe number of votes by, for example: (1) using a first presentationstyle (e.g., the call source name is shown in green and/or a first ringtone is used) for the call notification if the number of votes is lessthan a first threshold; (2) using a second presentation style (e.g., thecall source name is shown in yellow and/or a second ring tone is used)if the number of votes exceeds the first threshold but does not exceed asecond threshold; and (3) using a third presentation style (e.g., thecall source name is shown in red and/or a third ring tone is used) ifthe number of votes exceeds the second threshold. The call handlingsystem also may choose not to present the call at all to the callrecipient if, for example, the number of votes against the call sourceis exceptionally high.

Referring to FIG. 1, a communications system 100 for handling calls fromundesirable call sources includes a caller telephone 105, a destinationtelephone 110, a telephone network 115, a call handling system 120 thatincludes a call source list 125, a network 130, an online serviceprovider system 140, and a call destination computer system 135.

The caller telephone 105 is configured to place a call to thedestination telephone 110 across the telephone network 115. The callertelephone 105 and the destination telephone 110 may be landline phonesthat allow communications over the telephone network 115. In anotherimplementation, the caller telephone 105 and/or the destinationtelephone 110 may be a cellular phone or a mobile personal digitalassistant (PDA) with embedded cellular phone technology. In yet anotherimplementation, the destination telephone 110 may integrate the calldestination computer system 135 and operate as a single computer system.

The telephone network 115 is configured to enable direct or indirectvoice communications between the caller telephone 105, the destinationtelephone 110, and the call handling system 120. The telephone network115 also may be configured to forward calls between the caller telephone105 and the destination telephone 110 to a voicemail system, anothertelephone used by a user of the caller telephone 105 or the destinationtelephone 110, or another telephone system that may receive the calls.When a user of the caller telephone 105 places a call to the destinationtelephone 110, the telephone network 115 is configured to forward thecall to the call handling system 120. In one implementation, forwardingthe call to the call handling system 120 may include sending informationdescribing the call to the call handling system. More particularly,sending information describing the call may include routing a signalingchannel of the call to the call handling system 120 while a voicechannel of the call is routed directly between the caller telephone 105and the destination telephone 110.

When the call is forwarded to the call handling system 120, thetelephone network 115 is configured to send call-related information tothe call handling system 120 over a signaling channel. The call-relatedinformation includes call origin and call destination information. Thecall origin information may include the direct number of the callertelephone 105 and the time and date when the call was initiated, and thecall destination information may include the direct number of thedestination telephone 110. The call origin information may be delivered,for example, through a service known as Automatic Number Identification(ANI), and the call destination information may be delivered, forexample, by extracting called number information from the integratedservices digital network (ISDN) call setup or, alternatively, through aservice known as Dialed Number Identification Service (DNIS).

The telephone network 115 also is configured to receive call handlinginstructions from the call handling system 120. The call handlinginstructions are instructions that tell the telephone network 115 how toprocess a call. The call handling instructions may include, for example,instructions to accept a call, block a call, or forward a call toanother telephone number (e.g., to a telephone number corresponding to avoicemail system or to a different telephone).

The telephone network 115 may include a circuit-switched voice network,a packet-switched data network, or any other network able to carry voicedata. For example, circuit-switched voice networks may include a PublicSwitched Telephone Network (PSTN), and packet-switched data networks mayinclude networks based on the Internet protocol (IP) or asynchronoustransfer mode (ATM), and may support voice using, for example,Voice-over-IP, Voice-over-ATM, or other comparable protocols used forvoice data communications.

The call handling system 120 is a computer system configured to receivea call from the caller telephone 105 that has been forwarded to the callhandling system 120 by the telephone network 115. The call handlingsystem 120 applies special handling to the call when the call is from acall source included in the call source list 125. Call sources are addedto the call source list 125 after receipt of a particular number ofindications that calls from the call source should be handled specially.

The indications may be received from the identity to whom the call isplaced or from other identities associated with the identity to whom thecall is placed. For example, an indication that calls from the callsource should be handled specially may be received from other identitiesincluded in one or more contact lists associated with the identities towhom the call is placed. Therefore, calls from a call source may bespecially handled for a user that did not actively indicate that callsfrom the call source should be specially handled.

More particularly, the call source list 125 may include categories thatapply to individual users, to users corresponding to particularaccounts, to other groups of users, or to all users. The userscorresponding to a category are not required to actively indicate thatcalls from the call sources in the categories should be handledspecially. The call source list 125 may be organized or sorted tofacilitate determinations of presence of call sources in the call sourcelist 125. A call source whose calls should be specially handled may beidentified in the call source list 125 by a phone number of the callsource, a name of the call source, an address of the call source, alocation of the call source, or another identifier of the call source.

The call handling system 120 receives the call destination direct numberfrom the telephone network 115, identifies one or more identitiesassociated with the call destination direct number, and handles the callfor the identified identities in accordance the call source list 125.The identities associated with the call destination direct number may beidentified, for example, by accessing an account record indexed by thecall destination direct number and stored in a configuration data store.Alternatively, the account record may be indexed by a name or anotheridentifier of a user of the destination telephone 110 or the calldestination computer system 135.

The special handling applied to the call may include blocking the call.The special handling also may include ignoring the call such that thecall is not answered and is allowed to continuously ring. Alternatively,a message, such as an audio message, may be sent to the telephonenetwork 115 or the caller telephone 105 to instruct the user of thecaller telephone 105 not to call the destination telephone 110 again. Anelectronic message that inspires an audio message indicating theunavailability of the destination telephone 110 to the caller telephone105 also may be sent to the telephone network 115.

If the call source is not included in the call source list 125, the callmay be handled regularly. For example, the call may be forwarded to thedestination telephone 110 or to another number, such as a specified cellphone number or a voicemail number. Notifications of the call may besent to the identified identities, based on preferences associated withthe identified identities in general or individually.

The call handling system 120 processes the call by identifying whichidentities may receive a call notification message based on theaccount-level and identity-level call handling preferences. The callhandling system 120 requests the online status of the identifiedidentities from the online service provider system 140 and generatescall notification messages for each identified identity that is onlinein accordance with the identity-level preferences. The call handlingsystem 120 sends the call notification messages to the online serviceprovider system 140, which sends the call notification messages, alongwith format data that indicates how the notification messages are to bedisplayed, over the network 130 to one or more call destination computersystems 135 for presentation to users. Each user of a call destinationcomputer system 135 selects an option presented in the call notificationmessage, and the selected option is sent to the online service providersystem 140 over the network 130. The online service provider system 140relays the selected option to the call handling system 120, whichprocesses the selected option accordingly.

The call handling system 120 processes a selected option by sending acall handling instruction to the telephone network 115 and/or sending anaudio message to the caller telephone 105 over the telephone network115. The call handling system 120 is configured to record, store,access, and play or redirect audio messages. The audio messages may bepersonalized by subscribers to the call handling services and may bestored in a data store and indexed, for example, by the number of thedestination phone of the subscriber.

The network 130 is configured to enable direct or indirectcommunications between the call handling system 120, the online serviceprovider system 140, and one or more call destination computer systems135. Examples of the network 130 include the Internet, Wide AreaNetworks (WANs), Local Area Networks (LANs), analog or digital wired andwireless telephone networks (e.g., Public Switched Telephone Network(PSTN), Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN), and DigitalSubscriber Line (xDSL)), cable, satellite, and/or any other delivery ortunneling mechanism for carrying data.

In some implementations, the network 130 and the telephone network 115are implemented by a single or otherwise integrated communicationsnetwork configured to enable voice communications between the callertelephone 105, the destination telephone 110, and the call handlingsystem 120, and to enable communications between the call handlingsystem 120, the online service provider system 140, and the one or morecall destination computer systems 135.

The online service provider system 140 is a computer system configuredto provide online data communications services to users, detect onlinepresence of users of call destination computer systems 135, receive callnotification messages from the call handling system 120, generate formatdata and send the format data along with the call notification messagesto call destination computer systems 135, and send selected options fromthe call destination computer systems 135 to the call handling system120. The online data communications services may include, for example,e-mail services, instant messaging services, Internet access, and/oraccess to online content.

The online service provider system 140 may detect online presence ofusers of call destination computer systems 135 in, for example, a mannersimilar to that used to detect presence in an instant messaging systemand/or in a manner similar to that disclosed in application Ser. No.10/414,167, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety,and which describes the use of client-side communication devicemonitors. The online service provider system 140 also is configured toreceive call notification messages from the call handling system 120,generate format data that is used to format the call notificationmessage for presentation on the call destination computer systems 135,and send the call notification messages to the call destination computersystems 135 in real time.

The format data may vary based on device type. For example, for a devicewith limited display capabilities, such as a PDA, the format data mayenable the device to limit the call notification message to a visualindication of the incoming call (e.g., illumination of a light and agraphical display of a call icon and the caller phone direct number oridentity proxy thereof), and may further limit the call handling optionsthat are presented to the user to a subset of the full suite of options(e.g., the option to forward the call to one other phone number). Incontrast, the format data sent to a home computer may enable the homecomputer to provide, for example, an audio and visual indication of thecall and to display full caller identity information including address,return phone number, and other information about the caller accessiblebased on the caller phone number. The format data sent to the homecomputer also may enable the home computer to present to the user asignificantly larger number of call handling options (e.g., the optionto play various audio messages, take a message, and forward the call toa phone number selected by the user from a large number of possiblephone numbers).

Since the caller is waiting on the caller telephone 105 during thegeneration and transmission of call notification messages, the onlineservice provider system 140 is configured to send information to andreceive information from the call destination computer systems 135 inreal time. For example, the online service provider system 140 also isconfigured to transmit in real time the selected options from the calldestination computer systems 135 to the call handling system 120.Accordingly, the online service provider system 140 may be configured toavoid queuing call notification messages or selected options or to avoidfurther processing the call notification messages or selected options inany way that increases transmission delay. The online service providersystem 140 may be configured to provide this functionality in a mannersimilar to that used by instant messaging systems, or even to leverageinstant messaging systems to enable transmission and receipt of callhandling and notification messages as instant messages in real time.

The call destination computer system 135 is configured to receive callnotification messages and format data from the online service providersystem 140, to process the call notification messages in accordance withthe format data to enable a user to perceive the call notification, toaccept user selection of one of the options offered by the callnotification message, and to send the selected option to the onlineservice provider system 140. The call destination computer system 135may be a general purpose computer, such as a workstation or a personalcomputer, a PDA, a special purpose computer, an intelligent mobilephone, a pager, or a set top box. The call destination computer system135 may include one or more software or hardware applications thatcommand and direct communications between the call destination computersystem 135 and the online service provider system 140. The applicationsmay enable digital communications to be received from the online serviceprovider system 140. For example, the applications may include amodified instant messaging application configured to receivenotification messages and to send selected options in a manner similarto that used to receive and send instant messages.

In some implementations, the call handling system 120 may be integratedinto the call destination computer system 135. In such implementations,the call destination computer system 135 may be connected to thetelephone line used by the destination telephone 110, as well as to thenetwork 130. For example, a dongle or some other piece of hardware maybe used to connect the call destination computer system 135 to thetelephone line in parallel with the destination telephone 110. Asanother example, the destination telephone 110 may be connected to thetelephone line thorough the call destination computer system 135. As aresult, calls to the destination telephone 110 also may be received bythe call destination computer system 135 and by the call handling system120 that is integrated into the call destination computer system 135without the calls being forwarded. The call handling system 120determines if the call is from an undesirable source, and if so, appliesspecial handling to the call, as is done when the call handling system120 is a standalone system.

In implementations where the call handling system 120 is integrated intothe call destination computer system 135, a local copy of the callsource list 125 may be maintained at the call destination computersystem 135. A central copy of the call source list 125 may be maintainedby the online service provider system 140, and additional undesirablecall sources may be added to the central copy of the call source list125. The call source list 125 may be centrally maintained fordistribution to other call destinations for use in blocking calls fromundesirable sources identified in the call source list 125. The callsource list 125 also may be centrally maintained such that the callsource list 125 is not lost if the call destination computer system 125fails. The call destination system 135 may periodically request anupdated copy of the call source list 125 from the online serviceprovider system 140, or the online service provider 140 may periodicallyprovide the call destination system with an updated copy of the callsource list 125. The call handling system 120 uses the local copy of thecall source list 125 when determining if calls to the destinationtelephone are from undesirable sources.

Referring to FIG. 2, a call notification interface 200 may be presentedto a user associated with a telephone number to which a call announcedby the call notification interface 200 was placed. The call notificationinterface 200 includes caller identification information 205, a blocktelemarketer option 210, an answer option 215, a send message option220, a take message option 225, and an ignore option 230.

The call notification interface 200 may be displayed on a computersystem used by the user to access the Internet. The call notificationinterface 200 may be presented to the user while a destination telephoneused by the user is occupied. For example, the user may be using thedestination telephone and an associated phone line to connect to theInternet. Alternatively or additionally, the call notification interface200 may be presented to the user when the call is received, regardlessof whether the destination telephone is occupied. In such a case, allcalls to the destination telephone are routed both to the computersystem and to the destination telephone.

The caller identification information 205 includes informationidentifying a caller telephone from which the call was placed and a userof the caller telephone. The caller identification information mayinclude a name of the user, a phone number corresponding to the callertelephone or to the user, and a location of the caller telephone or ofthe user. The location may be a street address or a city and a statethat is derived from the phone number included in the calleridentification information 205. For example, the phone number, and moreparticularly the area code of the phone number, may be used to identifythe corresponding location.

The block telemarketer option 210 is used to indicate that the userdesires to block future calls from the caller telephone and the user ofthe caller telephone. Selecting the block telemarketer option 210generates an indication of such a desire that is sent to a call handlingsystem, such as the call handling system 120 of FIG. 1, that maintains alist 125 of sources of calls that are to be blocked. If a particularnumber of such indications are received, then calls from the callertelephone and the caller may be blocked for other users associated withthe user. The block telemarketer option 210 may be selected when theuser determines that the caller telephone and the caller represent atelemarketer or another undesirable call source.

In addition to generating the indication when selected, the blocktelemarketer option 210 may cause a message indicating that the blocktelemarketer option 210 has been selected to be sent to the caller. Themessage may be an audio message that may be played for the caller overthe caller telephone. Alternatively or additionally, an electronicmessage, such as an instant message or an e-mail message, may be sent tothe caller if addressing information for the electronic message isavailable. The message also may be included in an interface or anotification presented to the caller on a computer system used by thecaller.

The answer option 215 enables the user to indicate that the call is tobe received. The user may participate in the call using a microphone andspeakers associated with the computer system on which the callnotification interface 200 is displayed. Alternatively, the user may usethe destination telephone to participate in the call.

Selecting the send message option 220 causes a message to be sent to thecaller. The message may indicate that the user is busy, otherwiseunavailable to receive the call, or does not desire to receive the call,for example, because the caller is a telemarketer. Like the message sentwhen the block telemarketer option 210 is selected, the message may bean audio message or an electronic message, or may be included in aninterface or a notification that is presented to the caller.

Selecting the take message option 225 causes the call to be forwarded toa voicemail service that then may take a message. The user does notactively participate in the call or in taking the message afterselecting the take message option 225.

The ignore option 230 may be selected by the user when the user does notwish to receive the call, for example, because the user does not wish toreceive or otherwise handle a call from the caller identified in thecaller identification information 205. Selection of the ignore option230 may cause the call to ring continuously for the caller withoutproviding an indication to the caller that the call is being ignored bythe user.

Referring to FIG. 3, a message notification interface 300 may bepresented to a user for which the call notification interface 200 ofFIG. 2 was displayed. More particularly, the message notificationinterface 300 may be displayed for the user after the user selects theblock telemarketer option 210 of the call notification interface 200. Insome implementations, the message notification interface 300 may bedisplayed only after the send message option 220 has been selected. Themessage notification interface 300 includes a message 305, an acceptbutton 310, a reject button 315, an option 320, and a link 325.

The message 305 informs the user that a message indicating that the callwas not received because the caller is believed to be a telemarketer hasbeen played for the caller. The message 305 may provide the user withthe option of blocking future calls from the caller. In other words, theuser is provided with the option of generating an indication of a desireto block future calls from the caller. Selecting the accept button 310generates such an indication, while selecting the reject button 315causes the message notification interface 300 to be dismissed withoutgenerating such an indication. When the accept button 310 is selected,the generated indication is sent to a call handling system, such as thecall handling system 120 of FIG. 1.

When selected the option 320 prevents the message notification interface300 from being presented to the user in the future. Therefore, selectingthe option 320 prevents the user from having the option to indicate thedesire to block future calls from the caller when selected. When theaccept button 310 is selected after the option 320 is selected, anindication of the desire to block future calls from the caller may begenerated automatically without presenting the message notificationinterface 300.

The link 325 provides the user with access to the National Do Not CallRegistry. More particularly, a web site of the National Do Not CallRegistry may be displayed for the user in a web browser when the link325 is selected. The user may view the web site to gather informationabout the National Do Not Call Registry and to determine whether toregister with the National Do Not Call Registry. The web site also mayinclude an indication of whether the caller is a telemarketer andwhether other users have indicated the desire to block calls from thecaller.

Referring to FIG. 4, a process 400 is used to specify a list of callsources such that special handling may be applied to future calls fromthe call sources. The list of call sources may be applied to calls to asingle user or to a group of associated users. The process 400 isexecuted by a call handling system, such as the call handling system 120of FIG. 1, in response to indications of a desire to block future callsfrom a call source that are received from a destination telephone, suchas the destination telephone 110 of FIG. 1, or a computer system at thedestination telephone, such as the call destination computer system 135of FIG. 1.

The process 400 begins when an indication of a call source from whichcalls are to be handled specially is received (405). The indication maybe generated by and received from an interface, such as a log of callsor the notification interfaces 200 and 300 of FIGS. 2 and 3. Theinterface is displayed on the call destination computer system inresponse to a call from the call source. Alternatively, the indicationmay be generated by and received from the destination telephone, forexample, after a user of the destination telephone enters a code into akeypad of the destination telephone that causes the indication to begenerated.

An indication of times at which calls from the call source are to behandled specially also may be received (410). The indication may bereceived from an interface presented on the call destination computersystem. For example, the indication of the times may specify that callsfrom the call source are blocked every day from 6:00 P.M. to 8:00 P.M,all day Saturday, and all day Sunday. As another example, the indicationmay specify that the calls are to be handled specially when adestination phone line for the calls is occupied. In other words, theindications of the times may include actual times for which the callsare to be handled specially or situations or events during which thecalls are to be handled specially.

In addition, an indication of people for whom calls from the call sourceare to be handled specially may be received (415). For example, thecalls from the call source may be handled specially for a single userfrom which the indication of the call source is received, or formultiple users associated with the single user. More particularly, callsmay be handled specially for people known to the user, such as peopleincluded in a contact list of the single user or people included in agroup of the contact list. The indication may specify the peopleindividually by name or another identifier, or by a name of the contactlist or the group within the contact list.

A determination of whether the indicated call source is included in thelist of call sources that is maintained by the call handling system ismade (420). If not, then a determination is made as to whether at leastone other indication of the desire to block future calls from theindicated call source has been received (425). In other words, adetermination is made as to whether calls from the indicated call sourcehave been identified previously as candidates for special handling. Ifno previous indications of the call source were received, then the callsource is added to a set of call sources whose calls may be handledspecially (430). For each call source in the set, a count of the numberof indications reflecting the desire to specially handle future callsfrom the call source is maintained. After the call source is added tothe set, processing of the received indication of the call source iscomplete, and the call handling system waits until another indication ofa call source is received.

The call handling system then increments a count of the number of suchindications of the call source that have been received (435), anddetermines whether a number of indications made is sufficient for thecall source to be added to the list of call sources (440). For example,a threshold number of indications may be required before the call sourceis added to the list of call sources. If a sufficient number ofindications have not yet been received, processing of the receivedindication of the call source is complete, and the call handling systemwaits until another indication of a call source is received.

If enough indications of the call source have been received, then thecall source is added to the list of call sources (445). Moreparticularly, an identifier of the call source, such as a phone numberof the call source, is added to the list of call sources. In addition,the received indications of times at which special handling is to beapplied to the calls from the call source may be associated with thecall source in the list. The received indications of people for whomspecial handling is to be applied to the calls from the call source maybe associated with the call source in the list or may be used toidentify a category for the call source within the list.

As a result of the call source being added to the list (445) or alreadybeing included in the list (420), future calls from the call source arethen specially handled. The special handling applied to the future callsfrom the call source will be described with respect to FIG. 5.

The list of call sources that is maintained with the process 400 may bedistributed by the call handling system to other systems that may applythe special handling to the calls from the call sources included in thelist. For example, the list may be distributed to destination telephonesand call destination computer systems to which the calls are placed.Distributing the list to the destination telephones and the calldestination computer systems may make the special handling more reliablebecause multiple systems are applying the special handling to the calls.More particularly, distributing the list enables the special handling tobe applied after failure of the call handling system. Distributing thelist also may improve the performance of the call handling system byreducing the responsibilities of the call handling system.

In one implementation, the call handling system maintains three sets ofcall sources. The first set includes those call sources that have beenadded to the list of call sources. In other words, the first set is thelist of call sources. The second set includes call sources that have notyet been added to the list of call sources and for which at least oneindication of a desire to block future calls has been received. Thethird set includes those calls sources for which no such indicationshave been received. A call source is initially found in the third set,and may be moved to the second set and then to the first set. The threesets may be color coded. For example, the first set may be given a redcolor to indicate that calls from the included call sources are blocked.The second set may be given a yellow color to indicate that calls fromthe included call sources are allowed, but that the calls may not beallowed in the future. The third set may be given a green color toindicate that calls from the included call sources are allowed. Colorcoding the three sets may be particularly useful when the call sourcesare presented. For example, a call source may be presented in a color ofits corresponding set to indicate whether calls from the call source areor will be blocked or allowed.

Referring to FIG. 5, a process 500 is used to determine whether specialhandling should be applied to a call placed to a call recipient. Thedetermination is based on whether a call source that placed the call isincluded in a list of sources of calls to which special handling is tobe applied. The process 500 is executed each time a call to the callrecipient is placed. The process 500 is executed by a system thatmaintains the list of call sources. For example, the process 500 may beexecuted by a call handling system on which the list of call sources wasoriginally specified, such as the call handling system 120 of FIG. 1.Alternatively, the process 500 may be executed by a system used by thecall recipient that is capable of applying special handling to the call,such as the destination telephone 110 or the call destination computersystem 135, and to which the list of call sources has been provided.Multiple instances of the process 500 may be executed in parallel toapply special handling to calls placed to multiple call recipients.

The process 500 begins when a call to the call recipient is received atthe system executing the process 500 (505). For example, all calls tothe call recipient may be routed to the system executing the process500. A source of the call is identified (510). More particularly, anidentifier of the call source, such as a phone number of a telephonefrom which the call was placed, may be identified. The phone number maybe identified using the ANI service. The identifier of the call sourcemay be a name of the call source, an address of the call source, or alocation of the call source, which may be identified from the phonenumber of the call source identified using the ANI service.

A determination is made as to whether the call source is included in thelist of call sources (515). In one implementation, the list of callsources includes identifiers of the call sources, and determiningwhether the identified call source is included in the list of callsources may include determining if the identified identifier of the callsource is one of the identifiers included in the list of call sources.In implementations where the list of call sources is separated intocategories, a category of the list of call sources that includes theidentified call source may be identified. Information associated withthe call source in the list, such as times at which, and people forwhom, special handling is applied to calls from the call source, alsomay be identified.

If the call source is included in the list of call sources, then specialhandling may be applied to the call (520). The special handling mayresult in the call being blocked from the call recipient. Alternatively,the call may be forwarded to the call recipient with additionalinformation identifying the call as originating from a call sourceincluded in the list. The additional information may cause the call toring differently on a telephone used by the call recipient than othercalls from call sources that are not included in the list. Theadditional information also may indicate the number of receivedindications that reflect a desire of one or more of the multiple callrecipients to block future calls from the call source. The additionalinformation may be presented to the call recipient, for example, in anotification that the call originated from a call source included in thelist of call sources.

An audio message indicating that the special handling is being appliedto the call may be played for the call source. The audio message mayinform the call source that future calls from the call source will beblocked. A notification that the call originated from a call sourceincluded in the list of call sources also may be displayed for the callrecipient.

If a category for the call source has been identified, then the specialhandling may be applied to the call only when the call recipientcorresponds to the identified category. For example, if the call sourceis part of a category that corresponds to a particular group of users,special handling may be applied to the call only when the call recipientis a member of the particular group. In addition, if ranges of times atwhich special handling is applied to calls from the call source areassociated with the call source in the list, special handling may beapplied to the call only when the time at which the call was placed orreceived is in one of the associated ranges of times.

However, if the call source is not included in the list of call sources,then the call may be handled regularly (525). In other words, the callsimply may be forwarded to the call recipient without restriction. Thecall recipient may be notified that the call is being handled regularly.If indications reflecting the desire to specially handle future callsfrom the call source have been received, but the call source has not yetbeen added to the list of call sources, the call may be forwarded to thecall recipient with additional information indicating that theindications have been received but that the call source has not yet beenadded to the list. The additional information may indicate the number ofindications that have been received. The additional information may bepresented to the call recipient in a notification of the call that ispresented to the call recipient. Alternatively or additionally, theadditional information may cause the call to ring differently than othercalls on the call recipient's telephone. The call recipient may beenabled to generate an indication reflecting a desire to add the callsource to the list of call sources such that special handling may beapplied to future calls from the call source. Such an indication may begenerated, for example, through use of the notification interfaces 200and 300 of FIGS. 2 and 3.

Referring to FIGS. 6A-6C, a process 600 is used for handling a call to acall recipient for which calls from undesirable sources are handledspecially. For convenience, particular components described with respectto FIG. 1 are referenced as performing the process 600. Moreparticularly, the process 600 involves a caller telephone 105, atelephone network 115, a call handling system 120, an online serviceprovider system 140, and a call destination computer system 135.However, similar methodologies may be applied in other implementationswhere different components are used to define the structure of thesystem, or where the functionality is distributed differently among thecomponents shown by FIG. 1. For example, similar methodologies may beapplied in implementations where the call handling system 120 isintegrated into the online service provider system 140.

A user of the caller phone 105 places a call to the destinationtelephone by dialing the number of the destination telephone (602). Thetelephone network 115 receives the call from the caller telephone 105(604) and sends information describing the call to the call handlingsystem 120 (606), which receives the call information (608). The callinformation may be sent to the call handling system 120 over a signalingchannel, and may include a phone number of the destination of the call,and a time and date when the call was initiated.

The call handling system 120 identifies and accesses an account based onthe number of the destination telephone (610). The account may beidentified, for example, by accessing an account record stored in aconfiguration or registration data store and indexed by telephonenumber. The call handling system 120 determines whether special handlingis to be applied to the call (612). The determination may be based onthe accessed account. More particularly, the accessed configurationinformation may include preferences that indicate whether specialhandling should be applied to the call. Alternatively or additionally,the accessed registration information may indicate whether thedestination telephone has registered for the special call handling.

If special handling is not to be applied to the call, then the callhandling system 120 signals the telephone network 115 to forward thecall to the destination telephone (614). The call handling system 120may send the signal over the signaling channel. In response to thesignal, the telephone network 115 routes the call from the callertelephone 105 to the destination telephone (616). To do so, thetelephone network 115 may construct or redirect a voice path from thecaller telephone 105 to the destination telephone.

If special handling is to be applied to the call, then the call handlingsystem 120 identifies identities associated with the accessed account(618). In one implementation, the identities associated with the accountare stored in the previously accessed account record. The call handlingsystem 120 sends a request to the online service provider system 140 forthe online status of the identified identities (620).

The online service provider system 140 receives the request for theonline status of the identified identities (622) and accesses the onlinestatus of the available identities (624). The online status of theidentities may be stored, for example, in a presence data store that isconstantly updated in real-time in a manner similar to that used ininstant messaging systems to reflect activity of a user at the calldestination computer system 135. The online service provider system 140sends the online status of the available identities to the call handlingsystem 120 (626), which receives the online status of the identifiedidentities (628).

The call handling system 120 determines whether special handling shouldbe applied to the call (630). More particularly, the call handlingsystem 120 determines whether the caller telephone 105 is included inthe list of call sources whose calls are specially handled. In addition,the call handling system 120 may determine whether people and timesassociated with the call source in the list correspond to the people andtimes for which the special handling will be applied to the call.

If the call handling system 120 determines that special handling is notto be applied to the call (630), then the call handling system 120signals the telephone network 115 to forward the call to the destinationtelephone (632), and the telephone network 115 routes the call from thecaller telephone 105 to the destination telephone in the mannerdiscussed above (634). The call handling system 120 may send the signalto the telephone network 115 over the signaling channel. Beforesignaling the telephone network 115 to forward the call, the callhandling system 120 may associate additional information with the call.The call handling system 120 also generates a notification of theincoming call to be sent to the identified identities that are currentlyonline (636). The notification may include the additional informationthat was associated with the call. If none of the identified identitiesare online, then no notifications are generated.

If the call handling system 120 determines that special handling is tobe applied to the call (630), the call handling system 120 signals thetelephone network 115 to apply the special handling to the call (638),and the telephone network 115 applies the special handling (640). Thecall handling system 120 may specify the special handling by sendingcall handling instructions over the signaling path to the telephonenetwork 115, and the telephone network 115 may process the call handlinginstructions to apply the special handling to the call. Applying thespecial handling may include constructing or redirecting a voice pathfrom the caller telephone 105 to the destination telephone.

Before signaling the telephone network 115 to forward the call, the callhandling system 120 again may associate additional information with thecall. The call handling system 120 also generates a notification of theincoming call to be sent to the identified identities that are currentlyonline (642). The notification may include the additional informationthat was associated with the call. If none of the identified identitiesare online, then no notifications are generated.

The notifications that were generated by the call handling system 120are sent to the online service provider system 140 (644), and the onlineservice provider system 140 receives the notifications from the callhandling system 120 (646). The notifications typically are sent out inparallel by the call handling system 120 to minimize transmission delaysand arrival time differences between the notifications. The onlineservice provider system 140 distributes the notifications to theidentified identities that were previously determined to be online.

The online service provider system 140 sends the notifications to thecall destination computer systems 135 corresponding to the onlineidentities (648). Prior to doing so, the online service provider system140 may associate format data with the notification that specifies howthe notification is displayed on the call destination computer systems135. The sending and receiving of the notifications and format dataoccur in real time. The call notification messages typically are sentout in parallel by the online service provider system 140 to minimizetransmission delays and arrival time differences between calldestination computer systems 135.

The call destination computer system 135 receives a notification andmakes the notification perceivable to a user of the call destinationcomputer system (650). In one implementation, the call destinationcomputer system 135 enables the user to perceive the notification as apop-up window or dialog box that appears on a visual display of the calldestination computer system 135. The user may select an option presentedon the displayed notification, and the call destination computer system135 receives the selection of the option from the user (652).

Referring to FIGS. 7A and 7B, a process 700 is used for handling a callbased on the selection of an option from a notification of the call,such as the notification interfaces 200 and 300 of FIGS. 2 and 3. Forease of discussion, particular components described with respect to FIG.1 are referenced as performing the process 700. More particularly, theprocess 700 includes a call destination computer system 135, an onlineservice provider system 140, a call blocking system 125, a telephonenetwork 115, and a caller telephone 105. However, similar methodologiesmay be applied in other implementations where different components areused to define the structure of the system, or where the functionalityis distributed differently among the components shown by FIG. 1.

The call destination computer system 135 enables a user to select anoption offered in the notification (705). In one implementation, thecall destination computer system 135 may enable selection of the optionprior to expiration of a predetermined time interval (e.g., 15 seconds).The call destination computer system 135 sends the selected option tothe online service provider system 140 (710). The online serviceprovider system 140 receives the selected option from the calldestination computer system 135 (715), and sends the selected option tothe call handling system 120 (720). The online service provider system140 may do so in real time.

The call handling system 120 receives the selected option (725). Thecall handling system 120 then determines whether the selected optionincludes a call handling instruction (i.e., an instruction to forward orignore the call) (730). If the selected option includes a call handlinginstruction, the call handling system 120 sends the call handlinginstruction to the telephone network 115 (735). The call handlinginstruction may be sent over a signaling channel to the telephonenetwork 115. The telephone network 115 receives and processes the callhandling instruction (740). The telephone network 115 may forward orredirect a voice path of the call, if required by the call handlinginstruction.

The call handling system 120 determines if the selected option requiresplaying an audio message for a caller that placed the call (745). If theselected option requires an audio message to be played, the callhandling system 120 accesses the audio message corresponding to theselected option (750) and sends the accessed audio message to the callertelephone 105 through the telephone network (755). The audio message maybe sent to the caller telephone 105 over a voice path through thetelephone network 115. The caller telephone 105 receives the audiomessage (760) and enables a user to hear the audio message (765). Insome implementations, the audio message may be identified and sent tothe caller telephone 105 before the call handling instruction isidentified and processed.

The call handling system 120 determines whether future calls from asource of the call for which the process 700 is executing should beblocked (770). The selected option may indicate that future calls fromthe call source should be blocked. More particularly, the user of thecall destination computer system 135 may select the selected option toreflect a desire to block future calls from the call source. If futurecalls are to be blocked, then the call handling system 120 determines ifthe call source should be added to a list of call sources whose callsreceive special handling (775). The call handling system 120 may do sothrough execution of the process 400 of FIG. 4.

Referring to FIG. 8, a call handling interface 800 is used to specifyhow calls from undesirable call sources are handled. The undesirablecall sources are specified in a list of such call sources, such as thecall source list 125 of FIG. 1. The call handling interface 800 enablesa user to indicate times at which calls from the call sources arehandled and people for whom calls from the undesirable call sources arehandled. The call handling interface 800 includes call handling options805-820, a desirable call source list 825, an undesirable call sourcelist 830, call source list controls 835-850, time options 855-880, andpeople options 885-895.

The call handling options 805-820 enable the selection of a list ofundesirable call sources such that special handling may be applied tocalls from the undesirable call sources. For example, the option 805indicates that special handling is not to be applied to any callsbecause no undesirable call sources exist. The option 810 indicates thatthe special handling should be applied to all calls from call sourcesnot included in an address book of the user of the call handlinginterface 800. More particularly, a list of undesirable call sourcesthat includes all call sources not included in the user's address bookmay be selected with the option 810.

The option 815 indicates that the special handling should be applied toall calls from call sources that are not included in the desirable callsource list 825. In other words, a list of undesirable call sources thatincludes all call sources not included in the desirable call source list825 may be selected with the option 815. The desirable call source list825 is a list of call sources whose calls are not to receive the specialhandling. The desirable call source list 825 may be specified manuallyby the user of the call handling interface 800. For example, thedesirable call source list 825 may be modified with the call source listcontrols 835 and 840. More particularly, an addition control 835 enablesthe addition of a desirable call source to the desirable call sourcelist 825, and a removal control 840 removes a selected call source fromthe desirable call source list 825.

The option 820 indicates that the special handling should be applied toall calls from call sources that are included in the undesirable callsource list 830. The undesirable call source list 830 is a list of callsources whose calls are to receive the special handling. The undesirablecall source list 830 may be specified manually by the user of the callhandling interface 800 or through execution of the process 400 of FIG.4. For example, the undesirable call source list 830 may be modifiedwith the call source list controls 845 and 850. More particularly, anaddition control 845 enables the addition of an undesirable call sourceto the undesirable call source list 830, and the removal control 850removes a selected call source from the undesirable call source list830.

The time options 855-880 enable the specification of a time range duringwhich special call handling is applied to the undesirable call sourcesidentified by the call handling options 805-820. For example, if theoptions 805-820 indicate that special handling is to be applied to callsfrom call sources in the undesirable call source list 830, then specialhandling is applied to calls from call sources in the undesirable callsource list 830 during the time range indicated by the time options855-880. The time options 855-865 enable the specification of a starttime of the range, and the time options 870-880 enable the specificationof the end time. More particularly, the day of the week of the starttime is specified with the option 855, the hour with the option 860, andthe minute with the option 865. Similarly, the day of the week of theend time is specified with the option 870, the hour with the option 875,and the minute with the option 880. In some implementations, the timeoptions 855 may be used to specify multiple ranges during which the callhandling is applied or withheld, and to apply different ranges todifferent call sources.

The people options 885-895 enable the specification of people for whomspecial call handling is applied to calls from the undesirable callsources identified by the call handling options 805-820. Moreparticularly, the option 885 causes the specified call handling to beapplied to calls to the user of the call handling interface 800 whenselected. The option 890 causes the specified call handling to beapplied to calls to members in a contact list maintained by the user,such as a buddy list of an instant messaging system. The option 895causes the specified call handling to be applied to calls to allpossible users. When option 890 or 895 is selected, users on the user'sbuddy list (when option 890 is selected) or all users (when option 895is selected) may be given the option to opt in or opt out with respectto having their calls handled based on the user's configuration of theinterface 800.

Other people options are possible to enable the specification of otherpeople or groups of people for whom the specified call handling isapplied. In one implementation, one of the people options 885-895 mustbe selected, such that the specified call handling is applied to atleast one person.

Referring to FIG. 9, the call source list 125 includes multiplecategories 905-920. More particularly, the call source list 125 mayinclude a national category 905, an organization category 910, a groupcategory 915, and an individual user category 920. Each of thecategories 905-920 includes one or more identifiers of call sourceswhose calls are to receive special handling. More particularly, callsfrom a call source included in a particular category receive specialhandling only when the calls are placed to users corresponding to theparticular category. The call source list 125 may apply to multipleusers.

The national category 905 includes sources of calls to which specialhandling is applied for a global set of users. More particularly,special handling is applied to calls from a call source included in thenational category 905 for users corresponding to one or more of thecategories 910-920 of the call source list 125. The call sourcesincluded in the national category 905 may be suggested for addition bythe corresponding users. The national category 905 may correspond to theNational Do Not Call Registry or some other similar service thatmaintains a list of known call sources from which undesirable calls arereceived or of users that do not desire to receive future calls from theknown call sources. Special handling may be applied to calls from a callsource included in the national category 905 that are placed to aparticular user even though the particular user did not indicate adesire to have special handling applied to calls from the call source.

The organization category 910 includes call sources whose calls are toreceive special handling when placed to a member of a particularorganization. The particular organization may be a company, a business,or an Internet service provider (ISP). The call sources included in theorganization category 910 may be suggested for addition by a member ofthe organization, such as an employee, a customer, a subscriber, or auser of the organization, using for example, the option 895 of theinterface 800. Special handling may be applied to calls from a callsource included in the organization category 910 that are placed to aparticular member of the organization even though the particular memberdid not indicate a desire to have special handling applied to calls fromthe call source. An entry may be placed in the organization category 910(or the group category 915) only after a threshold number of users inthe organization or group has indicated a desire for the call sourcecorresponding to the entry to be placed on the list.

The group category 915 includes call sources whose calls are to receivespecial handling when placed to a member of a particular group. Thegroup may be a group of people from the organization corresponding tothe organization category 915. For example, the group may be a group ofemployees, customers, subscribers, or users of the organization.Alternatively or additionally, the group may be a group that is notrelated to the organization, such as a family, a group of friends, or agroup of people included in a contact list. The call sources included inthe group category 915 may be suggested for addition by a member of thegroup using, for example, the option 890 of the interface 800. Specialhandling may be applied to calls from a call source included in thegroup category 915 that are placed to a particular member of the groupeven though the particular member did not indicate a desire to havespecial handling applied to calls from the call source.

The individual user category 920 includes call sources whose calls areto receive special handling when placed to a particular individual. Theindividual may be a member of the organization corresponding to theorganization category 910 or a group corresponding to the group category915. The call sources included in the individual user category 920 areadded to the individual user category 920 by the particular individualusing, for example, the option 885 of the interface 800.

In one implementation, the call source list 125 may include multipleindividual user categories 920, multiple group categories 915, multipleorganization categories 910, and a single national category 905. In sucha case, the call source list 125 may apply to all possible users. Moreparticularly, the call source list 125 may include one individual usercategory 920 for each of the possible users. The call source list 125also may include a group category 915 for each of the groups to whichthe possible users belong, and an organization category 910 for each ofthe organizations to which the possible users belong. Therefore, each ofthe possible users corresponds to one of the individual user categories920 and the single national category 905, and may correspond to one ormore of the group categories 915 and one or more of the organizationcategories 910. Special handling may be applied to calls to each of thepossible users based on the presence of sources of the calls incategories of the call source list 125 that apply to the user.

In another implementation, the call source list 125 may be constructedfor a single user and may include one or more of each of the categories905-920. More particularly, the call source list 125 may include oneindividual user category 920 for the single user, a copy of each of thegroup categories 915 that correspond to groups that include the singleuser, a copy of each of the organization categories 910 that correspondto organizations that include the single user, and a copy of thenational category 905. As a result, maintaining individual call sourcelists 125 may result in redundant maintenance of instances of thecategories 905-920.

FIG. 10A illustrates a communications system 1000A for speciallytreating calls from call sources. The communication system 1000Aincludes a caller telephone 1005, a first destination telephone 1010, asecond destination telephone 1015, a telephone network 1020, a callhandling system 1025, a data network 1030, a first destination computersystem 1035, a second destination computer system 1040, and an onlineservice provider system 1045. FIG. 10A is described below with a briefreference to other illustrative figures, each of which is laterdescribed in more detail.

The caller telephone 1005 is configured to place a call to the first andsecond destination telephones 1010, 1015. The caller telephone 1005 andthe first and second destination telephones 1010, 1015 may be landlinephones that allow communication over the telephone network 1020. Inanother implementation, the caller telephone 1005, the first destinationtelephone 1010, and/or the second destination telephone 1015 may be acellular phone or a mobile personal digital assistant (PDA) withembedded cellular phone technology. In yet another implementation, thefirst destination telephone 1010 may integrate the first destinationcomputer system 1035 and operate as a single computer system. Similarly,the second destination telephone 1040 may integrate the seconddestination computer system 1040 and operate as a single computersystem.

The telephone network 1020 is configured to enable direct or indirectvoice communications between the caller telephone 1005, the first andsecond destination telephones 1010, 1015, and the call handling system1025. The telephone network 1020 also may be configured to forward callsbetween the caller telephone 1005 and the first and second destinationtelephones 1010, 1015 to a voicemail system, another telephone used by auser of the caller telephone 1005, the first and second destinationtelephones 1010, 1015, or another telephone system that may receive thecalls. When a user of the caller telephone 1005 places a call to thefirst destination telephone 1010 or the second destination telephone1015, the telephone network 1020 is configured to forward the call tothe call handling system 1025. In one implementation, forwarding thecall to the call handling system 1025 may include sending informationdescribing the call to the call handling system 1025. More particularly,sending information describing the call may include routing a signalingchannel of the call to the call handling system 1025 while a voicechannel of the call is routed directly between the caller telephone 1005and the first destination telephone 1010 or the second destinationtelephone 1015.

When the call is forwarded to the call handling system 1025, thetelephone network 1020 is configured to send call-related information tothe call handling system 1025 over a signaling channel. The call-relatedinformation includes call origin and call destination information. Thecall origin information may include the direct number of the callertelephone 1005 and the time and date when the call was initiated, andthe call destination information may include the direct number of thedestination telephone (e.g., the first destination telephone 1010 or thesecond destination telephone 1015). The call origin information may bedelivered, for example, through a service known as Automatic NumberIdentification (“ANI”), and the call destination information may bedelivered, for example, by extracting called number information from theintegrated services digital network (“ISDN”) call setup or,alternatively, through a service known as Dialed Number IdentificationService (“DNIS”).

The telephone network 1020 is also configured to receive call handlinginstructions from the call handling system 1025. The call handlinginstructions are instructions that instruct the telephone network 1020on how to process a call. The call handling instructions may include,for example, instructions to accept a call, block a call and/or forwarda call to another telephone number (e.g., to a telephone numbercorresponding to a voicemail system or to a different telephone).

The telephone network 1020 may include a circuit-switched voice network,a packet-switched data network, or any other network able to carry voicedata. For example, circuit-switched voice networks may include a PublicSwitched Telephone Network (PSTN) and packet-switched data networks mayinclude networks based on the Internet protocol (IP) or asynchronoustransfer mode (ATM), and may support voice using, for example,Voice-over-IP, Voice-over-ATM, or other comparable protocols used forvoice data communications.

The call handling system 1025 is configured to receive instructions froma first call recipient operating the first destination telephone 1010 onhow to treat the incoming phone call from the caller telephone 1005. Thecall handling system 1025 also is configured to determine how to treatthe incoming phone call from the caller telephone 1005 to a second callrecipient operating the second destination telephone 1015 based on thenumber of received indications (e.g., votes) assigned to a selected usergroup of the second call recipient. The indications may be assigned bythe users who are within the selected user group, and the indicationsmay reflect a desire by the users for the special treatment of callsfrom the call source. In one example, the users include the first callrecipient operating the first destination telephone 1010.

Described below first is a process for receiving, at the call handlingsystem 1025 and from the first call recipient, instructions to speciallytreat the calls from the caller telephone 1005 for the first callrecipient and for users (e.g., the second call recipient) included in auser group associated with the first call recipient. FIG. 12Aillustrates an example of such a process. Also, described below is aprocess for specially treating the call from the caller telephone 1005to the second call recipient based on the number of received indicationsassigned to a user group that includes the second call recipient by theusers (e.g., the first call recipient) within the user group. FIG. 12Billustrates an example of such a process.

First, the first call recipient operating the first destinationtelephone 1010 receives a call from the caller telephone 1005. The callmay be presented to the first call recipient via a UI, such as, forexample, the UI 1100A shown in FIG. 11A. The first call recipient mayuse the UI 1100A to instruct the call handling system 1025 to speciallytreat the call from the caller telephone 1005. The special treatment mayinclude special presentation and/or handling of calls from the callertelephone 1005. The special presentation may include presenting thecalls from the caller telephone 1005 with a particular presentationstyle. The particular presentation style may include flagging calls fromthe caller telephone 1005 with a particular color and/or font, and/orcausing the calls from the caller telephone 1005 to ring differently.The special treatment also may include specially handling the calls fromthe caller telephone 1005. The special handling may include blockingcalls from the caller telephone 1005 or forwarding calls from the callertelephone 1005 to a particular device (e.g., voice mail device).

Referring also to FIG. 12A, the call handling system 1025 receives, fromthe first call recipient, the instructions that calls from the callertelephone 1005 are to be treated specially (1205). In response, the callhandling system 1025 updates the profile of the first call recipient,and specially treats present and future calls from the caller telephone1005 to the first destination telephone 1010 according to the receivedinstructions (1215). In one specific example, where the first callrecipient requests blocking calls from the caller telephone 1005, thecall handling system 1025 blocks calls directed to the first callrecipient from the caller telephone 1005, and the call handling system1025 presents on the first destination computer system 1035 anindication of such action. This informs the first call recipient thatcaller telephone 1005 called the first call recipient and the call wassubsequently blocked.

In addition to using the UI 1100A to instruct the call handling system1025 to specially treat calls from the caller telephone 1005 to thefirst destination telephone 1010, the first call recipient also may usethe UI 1100A to instruct the call handling system 1025 to speciallytreat the calls for other users (e.g., the second call recipient). Theother users (e.g., the second call recipient) may be associated with thefirst call recipient by virtue of being within a user group that isassociated with or includes the first call recipient. To this end, thefirst call recipient uses the UI 1100A to selectively assign anindication reflecting a desire for such a treatment to one or more usergroups associated with the first call recipient. In response, the callhandling system 1025 identifies the one or more user groups associatedwith the first call recipient (1220) and assigns the indication to theone or more identified users groups (1225).

A user group may be a group of users that share a common interest,trait, or characteristic. User groups include, for example, users in acontact list, a social club (e.g., hunters enthusiast club) and acorporate organization. A user group may be a social group havingmembers that socially interact with each other. A user group also may bea demographic group having users that share, for example, the same age,income, and/or geographic location.

By incrementing the number of indications for each of the one or moreuser groups to which the indication has been assigned, the call handlingsystem 1025 keeps track of the total number of indications associatedwith the caller telephone 1005 and received within each of the one ormore user groups (1230). If the total number of indications within anyof the user groups exceeds a threshold, the call handling system 1025specially treats calls from the caller telephone 1005 to the users(e.g., the second call recipient) within the user group. Therefore andas more fully described below, calls from a caller telephone 1005 arespecially treated for a user (e.g., the second call recipient) who maynot have actively indicated that calls from the caller telephone 1005should be specially treated. As such, the user may take advantage of theexperience of other users within the user group of the user who havepreviously received calls from the caller telephone 1005.

To further illustrate and moving to the second process outlined above,after calling the first call recipient, the caller telephone 1005 mayplace a call to the second call recipient operating the seconddestination telephone 1015. In keeping with the above-described example,the first call recipient is assumed to have previously instructed thecall handling system 1025 to specially treat the calls for other users(e.g., the second call recipient) associated with the user group of thefirst call recipient.

Referring also to FIG. 12B, upon placing the call to the second callrecipient the call handling system 1025 receives call-relatedinformation that identifies the caller telephone 1005 and the secondcall recipient (1235, 1240). The call handling system 1025 then accessesor otherwise identifies the user group of the second call recipient(1245) and determines the number of indications corresponding to thecaller telephone 1005 within the user group (1250). If the number ofindications exceeds a threshold, the call handling system 1025 speciallytreats the calls from the caller telephone 1005 to the seconddestination telephone 1015 (1255).

To accomplish the above stated objectives, the call handling system 1025includes a detection system 1025A, a database storage 1025B, and aspecial call processing system 1025C. The detection system 1025A detectscall-related information sent from the telephone network 1020 to thecall handling system 1025. As noted above, the call-related informationmay include call origin (or call source) and call destinationinformation. The call origin information may include the direct numberof the caller telephone 1005 and the time and date when the call wasinitiated, and the call destination information may include the directnumber of the destination telephone 1010. The detection system 1025Aalso detects the first call recipient instructions regarding specialtreatment of calls from caller telephone 1005 and communicates thisinformation to the data storage 1025B, which stores the instructions ina profile associated with the first call recipient for future reference.

The call handling system 1025 also includes the database storage 1025Bwhich stores personal preferences of the users (e.g., the first andsecond call recipients). FIG. 10B illustrates an exemplary personalpreference table 1000B associated with the first call recipient. Thepersonal preference table may include a list of call sources from whichcalls should be treated specially. For instance and in keeping with theabove-described example, the personal preferences of the first callrecipient include a preference to block calls from the caller telephone1005. The personal preference also may include a preference to applyuser groups to filter calls from a call source. For instance, again inkeeping with the above-described example, the personal preferences ofthe second call recipient include a preference to apply user groupfiltering to calls directed to the second destination telephone 1015. Assuch, when the caller telephone 1005 calls the second destinationtelephone 1015, the call handling system 1025 accesses the user group ofthe second call recipient to determine the number of receivedindications (if any) relating to the caller telephone 1005 and assignedto the user group. In one specific example and referring to FIG. 10C,the call handling system 1025 accesses a master table, such as, forexample, master table 1000C and uses this table to identity the numberof indications (if any) related to the caller telephone 1005 andreceived within the user group of the second call recipient. The mastertable 1000C identifies one or more user groups and the users associatedwith each of the one or more user groups. The master table 1000C alsoshows the preferences associated with each user within the user group.

For example, assuming the caller telephone 1005 is (212) 555-4810, thenin the situation illustrated by FIG. 10C, one received indications isassociated with the caller telephone 1005 in the first user group towhich the second call recipient belongs. In this manner, the callhanding system 1025 can easily identify the number of receivedindications assigned to the caller telephone 1005. And, if the number ofreceived indications exceeds the threshold, the call handling system1025 specially treats the call for the second call recipient.

The call handling system 1025 also includes the special call processingsystem 1025C. The special call processing system 1025C carries out theinstructions for special treatment. In particular and as described withrespect to FIG. 13C, the special call processing 1025C interacts withtelephone network 1020 to instruct the telephone network 1020 how tohandle the call from the caller telephone 1005. To this end, the specialcall processing system 1025C may direct the telephone network 1020 toaccept the call, block the call, ignore the call, and/or forward thecall to another device or another telephone number. In one example, thespecial call processing system 1025C instructs the telephone network1020 to ignore the call such that the call is not answered and isallowed to continuously ring. Alternatively, a message, such as an audiomessage, may be sent to the telephone network 1020 or the callertelephone 1005 to instruct the user of the caller telephone 1005 not tocall the destination telephone again. An electronic message thatinspires an audio message indicating the unavailability of thedestination telephone to the caller telephone 1005 also may be sent tothe telephone network 1020.

The special call processing system 1025C also may send notifications ofthe call to the online identities associated with the destinationtelephone (e.g., the second destination telephone 1015), based on thepreferences of the online identities in general or individually. To thisend, the special call processing system 1025C interacts with the datastorage 1025B to identify one or more identities associated with thedestination telephone (e.g., the second destination telephone) andprocesses the call by identifying which identities may receive a callnotification message based on the account-level and identity-level callhandling preferences.

The special call processing system 1025C requests the online status ofthe identified identities from the online service provider system 1045and generates call notification messages for each identified identitythat is online in accordance with the identity-level preferences. Thespecial call processing system 1025C sends the call notificationmessages to the online service provider system 1045, which sends thecall notification messages, along with format data that indicates howthe notification messages are to be displayed, over the network 1030 toone or more call destination computer systems (e.g., the seconddestination computer system 1040) for presentation to users.

Each user of a computer system selects an option presented in the callnotification message, and the selected option is sent to the onlineservice provider system 1045 over the network 1030. The online serviceprovider system 1045 relays the selected option to the special callprocessing system 1025C, which processes the selected optionaccordingly.

The special call processing system 1025C processes a selected option bysending a call handling instruction to the telephone network 1020 and/orsending an audio message to the caller telephone 1005 over the telephonenetwork 1020. The special call processing system 1025C is configured torecord, store, access, and play or redirect audio messages. The audiomessages may be personalized by subscribers to the call handlingservices and may be stored in a data store and indexed, for example, bythe number of the destination phone of the subscriber.

The network 1030 is configured to enable direct or indirectcommunications between the call handling system 1025, the online serviceprovider system 1045, and one or more computer systems. Examples of thenetwork 1030 include the Internet, Wide Area Networks (WANs), Local AreaNetworks (LANs), analog or digital wired and wireless telephone networks(e.g., Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), Integrated ServicesDigital Network (ISDN), and Digital Subscriber Line (xDSL)), cable,satellite, and/or any other delivery or tunneling mechanism for carryingdata.

In some implementations, the network 1030 and the telephone network 1020are implemented by a single or otherwise integrated communicationsnetwork configured to enable voice communications between the callertelephone 1005, the first destination telephone 1010, the seconddestination telephone 1020, and the call handling system 1025, and alsoconfigured to enable communications between the call handling system1025, the online service provider system 1045, the first destinationcomputer system 1035, and the second destination computer system 1040.

The online service provider system 1045 is a computer system configuredto provide online data communications services to users, detect theonline presence of users of first and second destination computersystems 1035, 1040, receive call notification messages from the callhandling system 1025, generate format data and send the foi mat dataalong with the call notification messages to first and seconddestination computer systems 1035, 1040, and send selected options fromthe first and second destination computer systems 1035, 1040 to the callhandling system 1025. The online data communications services include,for example, e-mail services, instant messaging services, Internetaccess, and/or access to online content.

The online service provider system 1045 detect the online presence ofusers of first and second destination computer systems 1035, 1040 in,for example, a manner similar to that used to detect the presence of aninstant messaging system and/or in a manner similar to that disclosed inU.S. application Ser. No. 10/414,167, which is hereby incorporated byreference in its entirety, and which describes the use of client-sidecommunication device monitors. The online service provider system 1045also is configured to receive call notification messages from the callhandling system 1025, generate format data that is used to format thecall notification message for presentation on the first and seconddestination computer systems 1035, 1040, and send the call notificationmessages to the first and second destination computer systems 1035, 1040in real time.

The format data may vary based on a device type representing computersystems 1035, 1040. For example, for a device with limited displaycapabilities, such as a PDA, the format data allows the device to limitthe call notification message to a visual indication of the incomingcall (e.g., illumination of a light and a graphical display of a callicon and the caller phone direct number or identity proxy thereof). And,the format data further limits the call handling options that arepresented to the user to a subset of the full suite of options (e.g.,the option to forward the call to one other phone number). In contrast,the format data sent to a home computer allows the home computer toprovide, for example, an audio and visual indication of the call and todisplay full caller identity information including address, return phonenumber, and other information about the caller based on the caller phonenumber. The format data sent to the home computer also may allow thehome computer to present to the user a significantly larger number ofcall handling options (e.g., the option to play various audio messages,take a message, and forward the call to a phone number selected by theuser from a large number of possible phone numbers).

Since the caller is waiting on the caller telephone 1005 during thegeneration and transmission of call notification messages, the onlineservice provider system 1045 is configured to send information to andreceive information from the first or second destination computersystems 1035, 1040 in real time. For example, the online serviceprovider system 1040 also is configured to transmit in real time theselected options from the first or second destination computer systems1035, 1040 to the call handling system 1025. Accordingly, the onlineservice provider system 1045 may be configured to avoid queuing callnotification messages or selected options or to avoid further processingof the call notification messages or selected options in any way thatincreases transmission delay. The online service provider system 1045may be configured to provide this functionality in a manner similar tothat used by instant messaging systems, or even to leverage instantmessaging systems to enable transmission and receipt of call handlingand notification messages as instant messages in real time.

The first or second destination computer system 1035, 1040 is configuredto receive call notification messages and format data from the onlineservice provider system 1045, to process the call notification messagesin accordance with the format data to allow a user to receive the callnotification, to accept user selection of one of the options offered bythe call notification message, and to send the selected option to theonline service provider system 1045. The first destination computersystem 1035 may be a general purpose computer, such as a workstation ora personal computer, a PDA, a special purpose computer, an intelligentmobile phone, a pager, or a set top box. The first and seconddestination computer systems 1035, 1040 may include one or more softwareor hardware applications that command and direct communications betweenthe first and second destination computer systems 1035, 1040 and theonline service provider system 1045. The applications may allow digitalcommunications to be received from the online service provider system1045. For example, the applications include a modified instant messagingapplication configured to receive notification messages and to sendselected options in a manner similar to that used to receive and sendinstant messages.

In some implementations, the call handling system 1025 is integratedinto the first and second destination computer systems 1035, 1040. Insuch implementations, the first and second destination computer systems1035, 1040 are connected to the telephone line used by the first andsecond destination telephones 1010, 1015, respectively, as well as tothe network 1020. For example, a dongle or some other piece of hardwareis used to connect the first and second destination computer systems1035, 1040 to the telephone line in parallel with the first and seconddestination telephones 1010, 1015. As another example, the first andsecond destination telephones 1010, 1015 are connected to the telephoneline through the first and second destination computer systems 1035,1040, respectively. As a result, calls to the first and seconddestination telephones 1010, 1015 also are received by the first andsecond destination computer systems 1035, 1040, respectively, and by thecall handling system 1025 that is integrated into the first and seconddestination computer systems 1035, 1040 without the calls beingforwarded. The call handling system 1025 deteiuiines if the call is froman undesirable source, and, if so, applies special handling to the call,as is done when the call handling system 1025 is a standalone system.

FIG. 10B illustrates an exemplary personal preference table 1000Bassociated with the first call recipient. As noted above, the preferencetable 1000B includes a list of call sources from which calls should betreated specially. The preference table 1000B includes a call sourcecolumn 1010B and a treatment preference column 1012B. The call sourcecolumn 1010B includes the list of call sources and the treatmentpreference column 1012B includes a treatment that should be applied foreach of the call sources. For example, for call source (212) 555-4810,the treatment preference includes blocking the call source. And, forcall source (202) 625-6050, the treatment preference includes ignoringthe call source. Also the user preference may include a time duringwhich the calls from the call source should be treated specially. Forexample, as shown in FIG. 10B, the preference may include blocking callsfrom call source (212) 555-4810 between 8:00 am-5:00 pm.

It should be noted that although the personal preference table 1000Bidentifies the call source by telephone number, the call source may beidentified in other manners. For example, the call source may beidentified by the name associated with the telephone number oralternatively by the combination of name and number. Also, it should benoted, that the treatment preferences shown are for illustrativepurposes and other preferences, such as, for example, answering,forwarding, and sending a message options may be applied to orassociated with the call source.

FIG. 10C illustrates an exemplary master table 1000C associated with aplurality of user groups. As noted above, the master table 1000C is usedto identify the number of received indications associated with the callsource 1005. The master table 1000C includes a user group column 1005C,a user column 1010C, a treatment preferences column 1012C, and totalreceived indications column 1014C. The user group column 1005C includesthe list of user groups (e.g., the first user group and the second usergroup). The user column 1010C includes the list of users within each ofthe user groups identified in the user group column 1005C. For example,as shown, the user column 1010C identifies the first and second callrecipients within the first user group, and the second and third callrecipients within the second user group.

The master table 1000C also includes the treatment preferences column1012C. The treatment preferences column 1012C includes treatmentpreferences associated with users within each user group. For example,within the first user group, the treatment preferences associated withthe first call recipient includes: (1) a preference to block calls fromcall source (212) 555-4810; and (2) a preference to ignore calls from(202) 625-6050. For another example, within the first user group, thetreatment preference for the second call recipient includes: (1) apreference to block calls from call source (202) 625-6050; and (2) apreference to ignore calls from call source (212) 555-2010. Similarly,the treatment preferences column 1012C includes the preferencesassociated with the users within the second user group.

The master table 1000C also includes the total received indicationscolumn 1014C. The total received indications column 1014C identifies,within each user group, the total number of received indicationsassociated with the call source. For example, within the first usergroup, the total number of received indications associated with the callsource (212) 555-4810 is one, whereas, the total number of receivedindications associated with the call source (202) 625-6050 is two; andthe total number of received indications associated with the call source(212) 555-2010 is one. Additionally or alternatively, the total receivedindications column 1014C may identify, within all the user groups, thetotal number of received indications associated with the particular callsource. In this manner, the total received indications column 1014Cidentifies that the total number of received indications associatedwith, for example, (212) 555-4810 is three.

In either case, when a user (e.g., the second call recipient, keepingwith the above-described example) requests to filter calls based onfeedback from users within a user group, the call handling system 1025accesses the master table 1000C to identify the number of receivedindications associated with the call source (e.g., call source 1005)within the user group. In one implementation, the master table 1000Cincludes a separate entry, such as, for example, the total receivedindications column 1014C that tracks the number of received indicationsassociated with each call source within the user group. In anotherimplementation, the call handling system 1025 references the mastertable 1000C and calculates on the fly the total number of receivedindications associated with the call source. In either case, if thenumber of received indications exceeds a threshold, the call handlingsystem 1025 specially treats the call from the call source.

For example, assuming the call source is (212) 555-4810, the callhandling system 1025 determines, within the user group of the secondcall recipient (e.g., the first user group), the total number ofreceived indications associated with the call source is one. The callhandling system 1025 then compares this number against a threshold(either set by the system or the user) and if the number exceeds thethreshold, the call handling system 1025 specially treats the call fromthe call source. For instance, if the threshold is zero, then the callhandling system 1025 will block the call from the call source andinforms the second call recipient that the call from the call source wasblocked.

In one implementation, the call handling system 1025 updates the mastertable 1000C periodically to reflect recent changes among the preferencesof the users within the user group. To do so, the call handling system1025 accesses the personal preference table, such as, for example, table1000B associated with each user within the user groups, identifies newchanges within the personal preferences table, and accordingly updatesthe master table 1000C. In another implementation, the call handlingsystem 1025 updates the master table 1000C each time a user requeststhat a particular treatment to be applied to the call source. Inresponse to the request, the call handling system 1025 applies theparticular treatment to the call source and updates both the personalpreference table and the master table.

Referring to FIG. 11A, a call notification interface 1100A may bepresented to a user associated with a telephone number to which a callannounced by the call notification interface 1100A was placed. Inkeeping with the previous example and for convenience, particularcomponents described with respect to FIG. 10A are referenced indescribing the call notification interface 1100A. The call notificationinterface 1100A includes caller identification information 1105, a blocktelemarketer option 1110, an answer option 1115, a send message option1120, a take message option 1125, an ignore option 1130, and an assignan indication to my user groups option 1135. The caller identificationinformation 1105, the block telemarketer option 1110, the answer option1115, the send message option 1120, the take message option 1125, andthe ignore option 1130 are each configured to operate in a similarmanner as the caller identification information 205, the blocktelemarketer option 210, the answer option 215, the send message option220, the take message option 225, and the ignore option 230,respectively. As such, their operations are not described here in moredetail.

The call notification interface 1100A also includes the assignindication to my user groups option 1135. The assign an indication to myuser groups option 1135 is used to assign the indication, reflecting thedesire of the first call recipient to specially treat calls from thecaller telephone 1005, for other users within the first call recipient'sone or more user groups. The indication may be a positive, negative, ora neutral one. The positive indication may indicate that the caller istrustworthy, the negative indication may indicate that the caller isuntrustworthy, and the neutral indication may indicate lack of anyopinion about the caller. In one implementation, the user explicitlyselects the indication to be positive, negative, or neutral by, forexample, checking an appropriate box in a user interface. For example,selection of each one of the options (1110, 1115, 1120, 1125, and 1130)results in generation of another UI that solicits the user to indicatewhether the selection made with respect to the option indicates apositive, negative, or neutral reaction toward the caller.

In another implementation, whether the indication is positive, negative,or neutral is inferred from the selection of one or more options (1110,1115, 1120, 1125, and 1130) within the UI 1100A, in response to the callfrom the caller telephone 1005. For example, the indication is deemed tobe negative if the first call recipient selects block telemarketeroption 1110. Similarly, the indication is deemed to be negative if thefirst call recipient selects send message option 1120 or the ignoreoption 1130. The indication may be deemed to be positive, however, ifthe user selects the answer option 1115. The indication may be deemed tobe neutral if the user selects the take message option 1125.

If the first call recipient wishes to assign the indication to the firstcall recipient's one or more user groups, in one implementation, thefirst call recipient first selects the box associated with the option1135, and then selects the indication (e.g., one of the optionsappearing in the UI 1100A, such as, for example, block telemarketeroption 1110). Selection of option 1135 may result in generation ofanother UI, such as the UI 1100E illustrated by FIG. 11B that ispresented to the first call recipient, allowing the first call recipientto identify one or more user groups. For instance, the UI 1100B allowsthe first call recipient to assign the indication to all or a subset ofall user groups of the first call recipient. If the first call recipientselects a subset of all user groups option, another UI is generated thatallows the first call recipient to identity the subset. The UI 1100Balso includes a default setting option. The default setting option maybe associated with the default setting of the first call recipient orthe call handling system 1025. In either case, the selection of thedefault setting option assigns the indication to one or more user groupsof the first call recipient based on the default settings. The defaultsettings may be user configurable, and, as such, the first callrecipient may be able to change them form time to time.

FIG. 12A illustrates an exemplary process 1200A that is used to identifya call source to which a special treatment should be applied for atleast one user (e.g., the first call recipient) and a desire thatsimilar treatment should be applied for other users (e.g., the secondcall recipient) associated with the at least one user. In keeping withthe previous examples and for convenience, particular componentsdescribed with respect to FIG. 10A are referenced as performing theprocess 1200A. More particularly, process 1200A is executed by a callhandling system 1025 in response to instructions to specially treat thecalls from the caller telephone 1005, where the instructions is receivedfrom the first call recipient operating the first destination telephone1010 and/or the first destination computer system 1035.

Process 1200A begins with the call handling system 1025 receiving anindication from the first call recipient that calls from a call source(e.g., the caller telephone 1005) are to be treated specially (e.g.,blocked) (1205). The indication may be generated by and received from aninterface, such as the UI 1100A. The UI 1100A is displayed on the firstdestination computer system 1035 in response to a call from the callertelephone 1005. Alternatively, the indication for special treatment maybe generated by and received from the first destination telephone 1010,for example, after the first call recipient enters a code into a keypadof the first destination telephone 1010 that causes the indication to begenerated.

The call handling system 1025 may optionally receive, from the firstcall recipient, an indication of times calls from the call source are tobe treated specially (1210). The indication of the times specifies, forexample, that calls from the caller telephone 1005 should be blockedevery day from 6:00 P.M. to 8:00 P.M, all day Saturday, and all daySunday. As another example, the indication of times specifies that thecalls are to be treated specially when the first destination telephone1010 is occupied. In other words, the indications of the times includeactual times for which the calls are to be treated specially orsituations or events during which the calls are to be treated specially.

After receiving an indication from the first call recipient, the callhandling system 1025 updates the preferences of the first call recipientand specially treats the calls from the call source (1215). The callhandling system 1025 updates the preferences of the first call recipientstored in the data storage 1025B for future reference such that allfuture calls from the call source will be treated specially as indicatedby the first call recipient. For instance, the next time the call source(e.g., caller telephone 1005) attempts to call the first call recipient,the call handling system 1025 accesses the preferences of the first callrecipient, realizes that the call should be treated specially, andaccordingly treats the call.

The special treatment may include special handling of the present andfuture calls from the caller telephone 1005. As noted above, specialhandling may include blocking the call. Alternatively, the specialhandling may include ignoring the call such that the call is notanswered and is allowed to continuously ring. In yet another example,special handling includes sending a message, such as an audio message,to the telephone network 1020 or the caller telephone 1005 to instructthe user of the caller telephone 1005 not to call the first destinationtelephone 1010 again. An electronic message that inspires an audiomessage indicating the unavailability of the first destination telephone1010 to the caller telephone 1005 also may be sent to the telephonenetwork 1020. In either case, the call handling system 1025 communicatesthe special handling instructions to the telephone network 1020 andinstructs the telephone network 1020 to carry out the instructions.

The special treatment also may include special presentation of thefuture calls from the caller telephone 1005. To specially present thefuture calls from the caller telephone 1005, the call handling system1025 identifies the online identity associated with the first callrecipient and communicates with the online service provider system 1045to identify an online status of the online identity. If the identity isonline, the call handling system 1025 generates a message and routes themessage to the online service provider system 1045. The online serviceprovider system 1045 formats the message and sends the message to thefirst destination computer system 1035 corresponding to the onlineidentity. In keeping with the previous example, where the first callrecipient requests blocking future calls from the caller telephone 1005,the call handling system 1025 blocks the future call from the callertelephone 1005 and requests that the online service provider system 1045sends a notification message to the first destination computer system1035 indicating that the call was blocked.

The call handling system 1025 also identifies one or more user groupsassociated with the first call recipient (1220). In one example, the oneor more user groups are identified via the UI, such as the UI 1100B ofFIG. 11B. For instance, in addition to requesting special treatment forhimself or herself, the first call recipient operating the firstdestination computer system 1035 identifies to the call handling system1025 one or more user groups to which this indication should be applied.In a slightly different scenario, the one or more user groups may beidentified based on the default setting associated with the first callrecipient. In either case, the call handling system 1025 assigns theindication to the one or more identified user groups (1225) andincrements the number of indications associated with the call source foreach of the one or more identified user groups for which the indicationhas been assigned (1230). If the number of indications exceeds athreshold in one of the one or more identified user groups, the specialcall processing system 1025C specially treats the future calls fromcaller telephone 1005 for users within the one of the identified one ormore user groups.

FIG. 12B illustrates an exemplary process 1200B used for speciallytreating calls from a call source to a call recipient based on thenumber of received indications corresponding to the call source frommembers of a user group of the call recipient. In keeping with theprevious examples and for convenience, particular components describedwith respect to FIG. 10A are referenced as performing the process 1200B.More particularly, process 1200B is executed by a call handling system1025 in response to instructions for specially treating calls from thecaller telephone 1005 to the second call recipient based on the numberof indications corresponding to the caller telephone 1005 and receivedfrom members (e.g., the first call recipient) of a user group associatedwith the second call recipient.

Process 1200B begins with the call handling system 1025 receivingcall-related information corresponding to an incoming call from a callsource (1235). As noted above with respect to FIG. 10A, the callhandling system 1025 receives the call-related information from thetelephone network 1020. The call handling system 1025 uses thecall-related information to identify the call origin (call source) andthe call destination information (1240). The call origin informationincludes, for example, the direct number of the caller telephone 1005and the time and date when the call was initiated, and the calldestination information includes the direct number of the seconddestination telephone 1015.

The call handling system 1025 identifies a user group associated withthe second call recipient (1245). In one example, the call handlingsystem 1025 accesses an account based on the received number of thesecond destination telephone 1015 to identify the user group of thesecond call recipient. After identifying the user group, the callhandling system 1025, determines the number of indications correspondingto the call source and received from members of the user group (1250).The indications may reflect a desire for specially treating the callsfrom the caller telephone 1005. In one example, the indications may benegative, reflecting a desire to block or otherwise ignore the callsfrom the caller telephone 1005. Alternatively or additionally, theindications may be positive, reflecting a desire for accepting the callsfrom the caller telephone 1005. Alternatively or additionally, theindications may be neutral, reflecting no particular attitude towardcalls from the caller telephone 1005.

The call handling system 1025 treats the call specially based on thenumber of received indications (1255). In particular, if the number ofreceived indications exceeds a threshold, the call handling system 1025specially treats the call from the caller telephone 1005. In oneimplementation, the call handling system 1025 only tracks the negativeindications received within the one or more user groups. That is, if thenumber of received negative indications within one of the one or moreuser groups exceeds the threshold, the call handling system 1025specially treats the call for the second call recipient. In theimplementation, where the negative indications are not necessarily allthe same, the call handling system 1025 may specially treat the callfrom the call source according to the negative treatment (e.g., blockingthe call, ignoring the call, or forwarding the call to voice mail)having the highest support among all the indications. Alternatively,regardless of the type of negative treatment specified by theindication, the call handling system 1025 may treat each negativeindication as a desire to block the call and accordingly blocks the callif the number of received indications passes a threshold.

In another implementation, the call handling system 1025 tracks bothpositive and negative indications corresponding to the caller telephone1005 and received from the members of one or more user groups. In thisimplementation, the special treatment differs based on the number ofpositive and negative indications. For example, if the number ofpositive indications exceeds the number of negative indications by athreshold, then the call handling system 1025 ignores the negativeindications and treats the call according to the positive indications.For instance, if the number of positive indications exceeds 100 and thenumber of negative indications is less than 2, then the call handlingsystem 1025 forwards the call from the caller telephone 1005 to thesecond call recipient. Similarly, if the number of received indicationsis more than a certain threshold amount from the positive indication,the call handling system 1025 ignores the positive indications andspecially treats the call according to the negative indications. As noteabove, in the implementation, where the negative indications are notnecessarily all the same, the call handling system 1025 may speciallytreat the call from the call source according to the negative treatment(e.g., blocking the call, ignoring the call, or forwarding the call tovoice mail) having the highest support among all the indications.Alternatively, regardless of the type of negative treatment specified bythe indication, the call handling system 1025 may treat each negativeindication as a desire to block the call and accordingly blocks the callif the number of received indications passes a threshold.

In a different scenario, the call handling system 1025 accumulateswithin each user group multiple indications based on the selection bymembers of the each user group of each of the different options shown inthe UI 1100A. For example, a user group indicates that 200 people in thegroup chose to ignore the call from caller telephone 1005, 100 people inthe group blocked the call from caller telephone 1005, 55 people in thegroup sent the call from the caller telephone to voicemail, 22 people inthe group answered the call from the caller telephone 1005, and 23people sent message to the caller telephone 1005, in response to thecall. The call handling system 1025 may then determine the specialtreatment for the second call recipient by any combinations of thenumber of indications and type of indications. For example, the callhandling system 1025 adds the number of the negative indications,compares it to the number of positive indications, and based on theresult of comparison treats the call specially. In particular and inkeeping with the above-described example, the call handling systemdetermines that the total number of negative indications far exceeds thetotal number of positive indication and thus, the call handling system1025 chooses to block the call from the caller telephone 1005. In aslightly different scenario, the call handling system 1025 presents themultiple indications to the call recipient. This allows the callrecipient to perceive the different response of the members of theuser's group to the caller telephone 1005 and subscribe to one of thoseresponses. In another example, the call handling system 1025 selects thespecial treatment according to the type of indication having the highestnumber among all types of indications. In keeping with theabove-described example, since the indication to ignore the call fromthe caller telephone 1005 has received the highest number among otherindications (e.g., 200 people in the group chose to ignore the call fromthe caller telephone 1005), the call handling system 1025 selects toignore the call from the caller telephone 1005. Below, process 1200B isdescribed in more detail with respect to FIGS. 13A-13C.

FIGS. 13A-13C describe in more detail the process 1200B illustrated byFIG. 12B. Referring to FIGS. 13A-13C, a process 1300A is used fortreating a call to a call recipient for which calls from call sourcesare treated specially. In keeping with the previous examples and forconvenience, particular components described with respect to FIG. 10Aare referenced as performing the process 1300A. More particularly, theprocess 1300A involves a caller telephone 1005, a telephone network1020, a call handling system 1025, an online service provider system1045, and a second destination computer system 1040. However, similarmethodologies may be applied in other implementations where differentcomponents are used to define the structure of the system, or where thefunctionality is distributed differently among the components shown byFIG. 10A. For example, similar methodologies may be applied inimplementations where the call handling system 1025 is integrated intothe online service provider system 1045.

Process 1300A begins with a user of the caller telephone 1005 placing acall to a second call recipient operating a second destination telephone1015 by, for example, dialing the number of the second destinationtelephone 1015 (1302). The telephone network 1020 receives the call fromthe caller telephone 1005 (1304) and sends information describing thecall to the call handling system 1025 (1306), which receives the callinformation (1308). The call information may be sent to the callhandling system 1025 over a signaling channel, and may include a phonenumber of the destination of the call, and a time and date when the callwas initiated.

The call handling system 1025 identifies and accesses an accountassociated with the second destination telephone 1015 (1310). Theaccount is identified, for example, by accessing an account recordstored in a configuration or registration data stored and indexed bytelephone number. The call handling system 1035 determines whetherspecial treatment is to be applied to the call (1312). The determinationmay be based on the accessed account. More particularly, the accessedconfiguration information may include preferences (e.g., preferences ofthe user stored in the data storage 1025B) that indicate whether specialtreatment should be applied to the call. Alternatively or additionally,the accessed registration information may indicate whether thedestination telephone has registered for the special call treatment.

If call handling system 1025 determines that the second call recipientdesire to receive no special treatment for incoming calls (1312, no),the call handling system 1025 signals the telephone network 1020 toforward the call to the second call recipient operating the seconddestination telephone 1015 (1314). The call handling system 1025 maysend the signal over the signaling channel. In response to the signal,the telephone network 1020 routes the call from the caller telephone1005 to the second call recipient operating the second destinationtelephone 1015 (1315). To do so, the telephone network 1020 mayconstruct or redirect a voice path from the caller telephone 1005 to thesecond destination telephone 1015. The call handling system 1025 alsomay optionally signal the online service provider system 1045 togenerate a notification of the incoming call to be sent to one or moreonline identities associated with the second call recipient. The callhandling system 1025 may send the signal over the date network 1030 tothe online service provider system 1045. In response to the signal, theonline service provider system 1045 may generate a notification androute the notification to the online identity associated with secondcall recipient. In one example, the second destination computer system1040 may correspond to one or more of the online identities. Thenotification may be presented via a UI, such as, for example the UI 200or 1100A that presents the call to the second call recipient and allowsthe second call recipient to select from several options in handling thecall as described above with respect to FIGS. 2 and 11A.

If the call handling system 1025 determines that the second callrecipient desires to receive special treatment for incoming calls, thecall handling system 1025 determines how to treat the call from thecaller telephone 1005 for the second call recipient (1318). FIG. 13Bshows an exemplary implementation of operation 1318 used to determinehow to treat the call from the caller telephone 1005.

Referring to FIG. 13B, the call handling system 1025 first identifies auser group associated with the second call recipient (1318A). The callhandling system 1025 may access the data storage 1025C to identify theuser group associated with the second call recipient based on thepersonal preferences of the call recipient. In one example, the usergroup identifies one or more users that subscribe to the same activityas the call recipient. For example, the one or more users includecoworkers of the call recipient, in which case the user group is calleda work user group. In another example, the one or more users includefamily of the call recipient, in which case the user group is calleda/family user group. In yet another example, the one or more usersinclude friends of the call recipient, in which case the user group iscalled a friends user group.

Upon identification of the user group, the call handling system 1025determines the number of received indications corresponding to the callsource (e.g., the caller telephone 1005) and received from the membersof the user groups (1318B). The received indications may describe adesire for special treatment of calls from the caller telephone 1005.And, based on the number of received indications, the call handlingsystem 1025 may specially treat the call in one or more ways. In thisimplementation, the number of received indications correspond tonegative indications (e.g., blocking the call, ignoring the call, orsending a message to the caller telephone, or any combination thereof),which are determined explicitly by the user or inferentially from userresponses to a call from the call source. In another implementation, thenumber of received indications correspond to positive and negativeindications, and/or other type of indications such as indicationscorresponding to each of the user options selected by the various usersin the group in response to a call from the call source (e.g., an ignoreindication, a block indication, an answer indication, etc.). Theselection of special treatment (e.g., the selection of both presentationstyle and call handling) may then be determined based on the number ofindications of a particular type or a combination of the number ofindications of multiple different types as described more fully abovewith respect to FIG. 12B.

To this end, the call handling system 1025 determines whether the numberof received indications (e.g., negative indications) is greater than afirst threshold (1318C). If not (1318C, no), then the call handlingsystem 1025 selects a first call presentation style and signals theonline service provider system 1045 to present the call using the firstcall presentation style (1318D). On the other hand, if the number ofreceived indications exceeds the first threshold (1318D, yes), the callhandling system 1025 checks to determine whether the number of receivedindications also exceeds a second threshold (1318E). If not (1318E, no),the call handling system 1025 selects a second call presentation styleand signals the online service provider system 1045 to present the callusing the second call presentation style. However, if the number ofreceived indication also exceeds the second threshold (1318E, yes), thecall handling system 1025 selects a third call presentation style and aspecial call handling and signals the online service provider system topresent the call with the third call presentation style and also signalsthe telephone network 1020 to handle the call according to the selectedhandling (1318G).

In this manner, the call handling system 1025 can present the call withthree distinct presentation styles based on the number ofindications/votes the call has received within the second call recipientuser group. That is, if the number of indications/votes is minimal(e.g., less than the first threshold), the call handling system 1025present the call with a first presentation style (e.g., a green colorand/or a first audio sound or ring tone) that conveys this informationto the second call recipient. The call notification interface 1400illustrated in FIG. 14 and described in detail below includes an exampleof the first call presentation style. On the other hand, if the numberof indications/votes are more than minimal but less than critical (e.g.,more than first threshold but less than the second threshold), the callfrom the caller telephone 1005 will be presented with the secondpresentation style (e.g., a yellow color and/or a second audio sound orring tone) that conveys this information to the second call recipient.The call notification interface 1500 illustrated in FIG. 15 anddescribed in detail below includes an example of the second callpresentation style. Alternatively, if the number of votes have reached acritical condition (e.g., more than the second threshold), the call fromthe caller telephone 1005 will be blocked and a notification messagewith a third presentation style (e.g., a red color and/or a third audiosound) is presented to the second call recipient to inform the secondcall recipient that the call was blocked. The call notificationinterface 1600 illustrated in FIG. 16 and described in detail belowincludes an example of the third call presentation style.

Accordingly, in the above implementation example shown in FIG. 13B,special treatment for the call is selected from one of three differentspecial treatment options: (1) a first presentation style and no specialhandling if the number of indications does not exceed a first threshold;(2) a second presentation style and no special handling if the number ofindications exceeds the first threshold but does not exceed a secondthreshold; and (3) a third presentation style and special handling(e.g., blocking the call) if the number of indications exceeds thesecond threshold.

In other implementations, the special treatment may be selected from aset of different special treatment options corresponding to differentpermutations of presentation styles, special handling, and thresholds.For example, the special treatment options includes more than or lessthan three presentation styles. The special treatment options mayinclude multiple options having both a presentation style and specialcall handling. The special treatment options also may be selected basedon ranges separated by more than or less than two different thresholds.

As stated previously, the special treatment also may be selected basedon the number and type of indications received. The number ofindications of multiple different types may be used to select theappropriate special treatment option by applying predetermined rules.Example rules may include: (1) if the number of ignore indications plusthe number of block indications is greater than 300, select presentationstyle three and block the call; and (2) if the number of answerindications is greater than 100, irrespective of the other indications,select presentation style one and forward the call to a preferred clientdevice.

After determining how the call should be treated, the call handlingsystem 1025 identifies identities associated with the account for thesecond call recipient (1318H). In one implementation, the identitiesassociated with the account are stored in the previously accessedaccount record. Returning back to process 1300A and referring to FIG.13C, the call handling system 1025 sends a request to the online serviceprovider system 1045 for the online status of the identified identities(1320).

The online service provider system 1045 receives the request for theonline status of the identified identities (1322) and accesses theonline status of the available identities (1324). The identities mayinclude one or more electronic addresses that include a domain name. Forexample, the identities may have the form username@domain. For instance,user@aol.com may be an identity associated with AOL LLC® (e.g.,registered with AOL), with “user” being the username and “aol.com” beingthe domain name. The identity may or may not be a valid e-mail addressfor the user of the identity. Additionally or alternatively, theidentities may include one or more instant message (“IM”) identifier,which may or may not be associated with a particular domain.

The online status of the identities is stored, for example, in apresence data store that is constantly updated in real-time in a mannersimilar to that used in instant messaging systems to reflect activity ofa user at the second destination computer system 1040. The onlineservice provider system 1045 sends the online status of the availableidentities to the call handling system 1025 (1326), which receives theonline status of the identified identities (1328).

Then, the call handling system 1025 determines whether selectedtreatment in the operation block (1318) includes special handling of thecall (1330). If the call handling system 1025 determines that thespecial treatment does not include special handling of the call (1330,no), then the call handling system 1025 signals the telephone network1020 to forward the call to the second call recipient operating thesecond destination telephone 1015 (1332). In response, the telephonenetwork 1020 routes the call from the caller telephone 1005 to thesecond destination telephone 1015 in the manner discussed above (1334).The call handling system 1025 may send the signal to the telephonenetwork 1025 over the signaling channel.

If the call handling system 1025 determines that the special treatmentalso includes special handling of the call (1330, yes), the callhandling system 1025 signals the telephone network 1020 to apply thespecial handling to the call (1336), and the telephone network 1020applies the special handling (1338). The call handling system 1025 mayspecify the special handling by sending call handling instructions overthe signaling path to the telephone network 1020, and the telephonenetwork 1020 may process the call handling instructions to apply thespecial handling to the call. Applying the special handling may includeconstructing or redirecting a voice path from the caller telephone 1005to the second destination telephone 1015. Alternatively, specialhandling may include preventing the incoming call from the callertelephone 1005 to reach the second destination telephone 1015.Alternatively, special handling may include causing the incoming callfrom the caller telephone 1005 to ring differently at the destinationtelephone 1015.

Before signaling the telephone network 1020 to forward the call or tospecially treat the call (1332, 1336), the call handling system 1025 mayassociate additional information with the call. The call handling system1025 also generates a notification of the special treatment to be sentto the online identities, based on the selected presentation style(1340). The generated notifications are sent to the online serviceprovider system 1045 (1342), and the online service provider system 1045receives the notifications from the call handling system 1025 (1344). Inone example, the generated notification may be sent out in parallel withthe signal sent to the telephone network 1020. The online serviceprovider system 1045 distributes the notifications to the identifiedidentities that were previously determined to be online. If none of theidentified identities is online, then no notifications are generated.

The online service provider system 1045 sends the notifications to thecall destination computer systems 135 corresponding to the onlineidentities (1346). Prior to doing so, the online service provider system1045 may associate format data with the notification that specifies howthe notification is displayed on the second destination computer systems1040. The sending and receiving of the notifications and format dataoccur in real time. The second destination computer system 1040 receivesa notification and makes the notification perceivable to a user of thesecond destination computer system 1040 (1348). In one implementation,the second destination computer system 1040 makes the user able toperceive the notification as a pop-up window or dialog box that appearson a visual display of the second destination computer system 1040. Thenotification may be presented in accordance with a presentation style(which may be visual and optionally audio) corresponding to the selectedspecial treatment. The user may select an option presented on thedisplayed notification, and the second destination computer system 1040receives the selection of the option from the user (1350).

Referring again to FIG. 14, the call notification interface 1400illustrates an example of the first presentation style and is presentedto a user associated with a telephone number to which a call announcedby the call notification interface 1400 was placed. The callnotification interface 1400 is displayed on, for example, the seconddestination computer system 1040 to inform the second call recipient ofthe call from the caller telephone 1005. The call notification interface1400 includes features similar to the call notification interface 1100A.In particular, the call notification interface 1400 includes calleridentification information 1105, a block telemarketer option 1110, ananswer option 1115, a send message option 1120, a take message option1125, an ignore option 1130, and an assign an indication to my usergroups option 1135, each of which were described in detail above withrespect to the call notification interface 1100A illustrated by FIG.11A.

The call notification interface 1400 is different from that of thenotification interface 1100A in that it also includes a message 1410.The message 1410 includes a check mark near the telephone and indicatesto the user that the caller telephone 1005 has only received 5 negativeindications from member of the user's user group and as such seems to befrom an acceptable source (e.g., not a telemarketer). The user may usethis information to block, answer, or otherwise treat (e.g., ignore) thecall from the caller telephone 1005. In another implementation, themessage 1410 specifies the name of the user group and/or lists number ofreceived indications corresponding to multiple different types ofindications (e.g., 90 negative indications and 5 positive indications).In yet another implementation, the message 1410 includes text or agraphic displayed in a particular color corresponding to the number ofreceived indications (e.g., green).

Referring again to FIG. 15, the call notification interface 1500illustrates an example of a second presentation style and is presentedto a user associated with a telephone number to which the call announcedby the call notification interface 1500 was placed. Only the message1510 of the call notification interface 1500 is different from the callnotification interface 1400. The message 1510 includes a question marknear the telephone and indicates to the user that the caller telephone1005 has received 20 negative indications from members of the user'suser group. The user may use this information to block, answer, orotherwise treat (e.g., ignore) the call from the caller telephone.

Referring again to FIG. 16, the call notification interface 1600illustrates an example of the third presentation style and is presentedto a user associated with a telephone number to which the call announcedby the call notification interface 1600 was place. The call notificationinterfaces includes a message 1605, an accept button 1610, a rejectbutton 1615, an option 1620, and a link 1625. The accept button 1610, areject button 1615, an option 1620, and a link 1625 are each configuredand operate similar to the accept button 310, a reject button 315, anoption 320, and a link 325 described with respect to FIG. 3,respectively, and therefore they are not described here in more detail.The message 1605 informs the second call recipient that the call was notreceived because the caller is believed to be a telemarketer. Themessage 1605 informs the user of the number of negative indicationscorresponding to the call source and received from the members of theuser's user group. For example and as shown, the message 1605 informsthe user that the call source has received 100 negative indications.

Other implementations are contemplated. For example and referring toFIG. 17, instead of specially treating the call from the call sourcebased on the indications received from members of a single user group asillustrated by FIG. 13B, the call handling system 1025 uses an exemplaryprocess 1700 to specially treat the call from the call source based onthe indications received from the members of multiple user groups.

Process 1700 begins with the call handling system 1025 identifyingmultiple user groups associated with the second call recipient (1718A).The call handling system 1025 may access the data storage 1025C toidentify the multiple user groups associated with the second callrecipient based on personal preferences of the second call recipient.Upon identification of the multiple user groups, the call handlingsystem 1025 determines the aggregate or weighted aggregate ofindications corresponding to the call source and received from themembers of the multiple user groups (1718B). In one example, the callhandling system 1025 determines the weight aggregate of indications ifthe preferences of the call recipient indicate that less weight and/ormore weight should be assigned to the indications received from membersof a particular user group in determining how to specially treat thecall. The call handling system 1025 then performs actions (1718C to1718H), which are similar to actions (1318C to 1318H) illustrated byFIG. 13B, to identify the special treatment based on the total number ofreceived indications from members of the multiple user groups.

In another example and referring to FIG. 18, instead of speciallytreating the call from the call source based the indications receivedfrom members of a single user group as illustrated by FIG. 13B, the callhandling system 1025 uses an exemplary process 1800 to identify multiplespecial treatments based on the indications received from members ofmultiple user groups. Process 1800 begins with the call handling system1025 identifying the multiple user groups associated with the secondcall recipient (1818A). As noted above, the call handling system 1025may access the data storage 1025C to identify the multiple user groupsassociated with the second call recipient based on personal preferencesof the second call recipient. The multiple user groups include a firstand a second user groups. The call handling system 1025 then determinesthe number of received indications corresponding to the call source andreceived from members of the first call recipient (1818B). The callhandling system 1025 then performs actions (1818C to 1818G), which aresimilar to actions (1318C to 1318G) illustrated by FIG. 13B, todetermine a first special treatment based on the number of indicationsreceived from the members of the first user group (1818H).

Similarly, the call handling system 1025 determines the number ofreceived indications corresponding to the call source and received frommembers of the second user group (18181). The call handling system 1025then performs actions (1818) to 1818N), which are similar to actions(1318C to 1318G) illustrated by FIG. 13B, to determine a second specialtreatment based on the number of indications received from the member ofthe second user group (18180).

The call handling system 1025 aggregates the first and second specialtreatments (1818P) and proceeds to identify the online identitiesassociated with the account for the second call recipient (1818Q). Assuch, in this implementation, the call handling system 1025 may presenta single notification interface to the user that includes a first andsecond presentation styles. For example, the notification interfaceindicates that the call source seems to be acceptable because it onlyhas received 5 indications from members of the first user groups. Inaddition, the notification interface also indicates that the call sourceshould be blocked because it has received more than a threshold amount(e.g., 100 indications) from members of the second user group.Accordingly, the notification interface generated according to thisimplementation allows the user to view reactions of the members of eachof the multiple user groups to the call source.

Referring to FIG. 19, the call notification interface 1900 illustratesan example of a notification interface generated as a result of process1800. The call notification interface 1900 includes features similar tothe call notification interface 1100A. In particular, the callnotification interface 1900 includes caller identification information1105, a block telemarketer option 1110, an answer option 1115, a sendmessage option 1120, a take message option 1125, an ignore option 1130,and an assign an indication to my user groups option 1135, each of whichwere described in detail above with respect to the call notificationinterface 1100A illustrated by FIG. 11A.

The call notification interface 1900 is different from that of thenotification interface 1100A in that it also includes messages 1910 and1920. The message 1910 indicates that the call source seems to beacceptable because it only has received 5 indications from members ofthe first user groups. As such, the message 1910 suggests to the callrecipient to answer the call. The message 1920 indicates that the callsource has received more than a threshold amount (e.g., 100 indications)from members of the second user group. As such, the message 1920suggests to the call recipient to block the call.

Other implementations are contemplated. To illustrate, in oneimplementation, a call recipient includes multiple user identities (oronline identities), and the call recipient associates each of themultiple user identities (or online identities) with a particular socialgroup. The call recipient requests that the call handling system 1025treat the incoming call based on users' feedback within a user groupthat is associated with the active user identity. As such, depending onthe active user identity at a given time, the call treatment may differfor incoming calls. FIG. 20 illustrates an exemplary process 2000 usedby the call handling system 1025 to identify an active user identityassociated with the call recipient and to apply a user group filteringbased on the one or more user groups associated with the active useridentity. Process 2000 includes receiving a call from a call source thatis directed to a call recipient (2010). As described above with respectto FIG. 10A, the call may be first received at the telephone network1020, which forwards the call to the call handling system 1025. When thecall is forwarded to the call handling system 1025, the telephonenetwork 1020 is configured to send call-related information to the callhandling system 1025 as well. The call related information includes thecall origin and the call destination information.

The call handling system 1025 uses the call destination information toidentify user identities associated with the call destination. To do soand in one specific example, the call handling system 1025 uses the calldestination information to access account information associated withthe call recipient and stored within its internal database. The calldestination information may include a telephone number of the callrecipient. The account may be associated with a table, including anentry identifying multiple user identities associated with the callrecipient (2015).

The call handling system 1025 then identifies, from among the multipleuser identities, a user identity that is online or otherwise active(2020). To do so, the call handling system 1025 may submit a request tothe online service provider system 1045, requesting the online statusfor each of the multiple user identities. And, based on the response,the call handling system 1025 identifies which of the multiple useridentities is online. This process is described above in detail withrespect to FIG. 13C, and, as such, for purposes of brevity is notdescribed here in more detail.

The call handling system 1025 also identifies a user group associatedwith the active user identity (1025). For example, the call handlingsystem 1025 references the same table used to identify the multiple useridentities to identify the user group associated with the active useridentity. In particular, the table may include an additional entry thatidentifies the one or more user groups associated with each of themultiple user identities. The call handling system 1025 then determinesa number of received indications (or votes) assigned to the user groupand based on the number of received indications determines how to handlethe call from the call source (1030 and 1035).

For example, assuming that the user group of the active identityincludes the first user group shown in FIG. 10C, and the call source is(212) 555-4810, then the call handling system 1025 identifies that thereis one received negative indication (e.g., blocking the call source)corresponding to the call source. And, the call handling system 1025compares the number of received indication against the threshold todetermine how to treat the call. For instance, if the threshold neededfor a special treatment includes two and more received indications, thenthe call handling system 1025 does not treat the call from the callsource specially and routes the call from the call source to the user.

In another example, and assuming that the user changes his or heridentity, the call handling system 1025 identifies the user groupassociated with the changed user identity. For instance, assuming thatthe user group associated with the changed user identity includes thesecond user group shown in FIG. 10C, and the call source is (212)555-4810, the call handling system 1025 identifies that there is tworeceived negative indications corresponding to the call source. As such,the call handling system 1025 treats the call from the call sourcespecially. To this end, the call handling system 1025 may block the callfrom the call source according to one of the received indications or mayalternatively ignore the call from the call source according to theother received indication. Additionally or alternatively, the callhandling system 1025 may present the different treatments suggested bythe votes to the call recipient, thereby allowing the call recipient tochoose from among the different alternatives.

By monitoring the status of the multiple user identities, the callhandling system 1025 recognizes when the call recipient switches from afirst of multiple user identities to a second of multiple useridentities. Upon such recognition, the call handling system 1025continues actions (1025-1035) to handle incoming calls based on the usergroup associated with the second user identity. In this manner, the callhandling system 1025 selectively filters incoming calls based on theuser identity the call recipient actively uses to access onlineresources.

In another implementation, a call handling system 1025 provides a callrecipient with an option to opt-in or opt-out of user groups forpurposes of special treatment of incoming calls. In particular, the callhandling system 1025 presents a user interface to the call recipientthat allows the call recipient to indicate which one of the user groupsof the call recipient should be used for the purposes of speciallytreating calls from caller telephone 1005. In one specific example, thecall recipient indicates that only family group's indications shoulddictate special treatment of incomings calls. Alternatively, the callrecipient may indicate that only coworker group's indications should beused in influencing the special treatment of incoming calls. In yetanother example, the call recipient indicates that all user group'sindications should be used in influencing the special treatment ofincoming calls.

In another implementation, the call handling system 1025 takes intoaccount personal preferences of the call recipient, and, based on thepersonal preferences, the call handling system 1025 overrides thespecial treatment suggested by the users within a user group of the callrecipient. For example, if the personal preference of the call recipientindicates that a particular call from a call source is acceptable, thecall handling system 1025 routes the call to the call recipient,regardless of received negative indications, from users within callrecipient's user group, suggesting that the call should be, for example,blocked. Additionally or alternatively, the call handling system 1025may route the call to the call recipient and may inform the callrecipient that the users within the call recipient's user group haveindicated a different treatment for the call.

In another implementation and similar to the implementation describedabove, the call handling system 1025 monitors call history (instead orin addition to the personal profile) of the call recipient, and, basedon the call history, the call handling system 1025 overrides the specialtreatment suggested by the users within the call recipient's user group.In keeping with the above-described example, if the call historysuggests a call from a call source is acceptable, the call handlingsystem 1025 routes the call from the call source to the call recipient,regardless of the received negative indications associated with thecall, suggesting that the call should be for example blocked.Additionally or alternatively, the call handling system 1025 may presentthe call recipient with two options: (1) option to answer the call basedon the call recipient's pass receptiveness to the call; and (2)specially treat the call according to the received indications fromusers within the user group of the call recipient.

In another implementation, a call recipient instructs the call handlingsystem to specially treat calls from a call source based on rules otherthan the number of votes and/or indications associated with the callsource. In one example, the call recipient instructs the call handlingsystem to specially treat calls from a call source associated with aparticular user group. In another example, the call recipient instructsthe call handling system to specially treat calls from a call sourceassociated with an institution that fails to meet certain marketstandards (e.g. market ratings). As such, in these scenarios, as long asthe criteria associated with the call source meets the designated rules,the calls from the call source are treated specially regardless of thenumber of votes and/or indications associated with the call source.

To illustrate, in a scenario where a call recipient indicates that acall from a bank should be accepted if the bank is among the top tenbanking institutions, the call handling system monitors and back trackcalls directed to the call recipient to identify the entity with whichthe call source is registered. Upon identifying the entity and realizingthat it is a banking entity, the call handling system references arating table to determine whether the bank appears among the top tenbanking institutions. If so, the call handling system allows the callfrom the call source to reach the call recipient. Otherwise, the callhandling system blocks the call or otherwise specially treats the callfrom the call source.

To specially treat calls from a call source, in another implementation,other criteria may be used in addition to or instead of the user groupand/or the number of votes associated with the call source. For example,the call recipient can designate rules for specially treating calls fromcall sources that are from certain geographic locations and/or belong toa certain domain. In one specific example, the call recipient instructsthe call handling system to specially treat (e.g., block) calls fromstate of Nevada. In this scenario, the call handing system referencesthe area code associated with call sources and treats specially (e.g.,blocks) calls from the call sources having Nevada area code.

Although in the implementations illustrated above, the callnotifications are in the form of user interfaces, other forms of callnotifications are contemplated. For example, the call notification maybe made through audio instant messengers including several differenttones for different treatments (e.g., one tone designated for calls thatshould be blocked, another tone designated for calls that should beignored, and another tone designated for calls that should be answered).Additionally or alternatively, the call notifications may be made in theform of video animation or other graphical expressions that may bedisplayed on the call recipient's computer or mobile device. Forexample, a trash can animation may be associated with a call that shouldbe blocked and the animation is played on the call recipient's computerwhen the call recipient receives such calls.

1-51. (canceled)
 52. A method comprising: receiving at least oneindication from a first electronic communication recipient reflecting acharacterization of at least one electronic communication; identifying,by at least one processor, one or more online groups associated with thefirst recipient based on at least the first recipient's interaction withthe one or more online groups; associating the indication with at leastone group from among the one or more online groups; determining, by theat least one processor, a number of received indications related to anelectronic communication source associated with the at least one group;and filtering, by the at least one processor, a plurality of electroniccommunications from a source based on at least the number of receivedindications related to the source.
 53. The method of claim 52, whereinthe characterization of the at least one electronic communicationcomprises at least an indication by the first recipient of a desire toapply special treatment to future electronic communications from thesource.
 54. The method of claim 52, wherein: receiving the indicationfrom the first recipient includes receiving a vote from the firstrecipient, the vote reflecting a desire to block future electroniccommunication from the source; determining the number of receivedindications includes referencing a table to determine a number ofreceived votes related to the source and assigned to the at least onegroup, the received votes being assigned to the at least one group byusers associated with the at least one group and the received votesreflecting the desire by the users to block future electroniccommunications from the source; and filtering the plurality ofelectronic communication from the source includes: determining whetherthe number of received votes assigned to the at least one group exceedsa threshold; and blocking the incoming electronic communication from thesource to a second electronic communication recipient associated withthe at least one group if it is determined the number of received votesassigned to the at least one online group exceeds the threshold.
 55. Themethod of claim 54, further comprising informing the second recipientthat the incoming electronic communication from the source was blocked.56. The method of claim 52, wherein the first recipient is differentfrom the second recipient.
 57. The method of claim 52, wherein thesecond recipient is different from the users who have assigned theindications to the at least one group.
 58. The method of claim 52,wherein associating the indication to the one or more online groupsincludes selectively assigning the indication to the one or more onlinegroups of the first recipient based on preferences of the firstrecipient.
 59. The method of claim 58, wherein selectively assigning theindication to the one or more online groups of the first recipient basedon the preferences of the first recipient comprises: presenting a userinterface to the first recipient, the user interface including an optionallowing the first recipient to select the one or more online groups;and obtaining feedback from the first recipient, the feedbackidentifying the one or more online groups.
 60. The method of claim 58,wherein selectively assigning the indication to the one or more onlinegroups of the first recipient based on the preferences of the firstrecipient includes assigning the indication to all of the one or moreonline groups of the first recipient.
 61. The method of claim 58,wherein selectively assigning the indication to the one or more onlinegroups of the first recipient based on the preferences of the firstrecipient includes assigning the indication to a subset of all onlinegroups of the recipient.
 62. The method of claim 52, wherein selectivelyassigning the indication to the one or more online groups includesselectively assigning the indication to the one or more online groupsbased on a default setting, wherein the default setting comprises atleast one of a default setting selected by the first recipient or adefault setting selected by a host system.
 63. The method of claim 52,wherein filtering the plurality of electronic communications from thesource comprises: determining whether the number of received indicationsassigned to the at least one group exceeds a threshold; and whereinfiltering the plurality of electronic communications based on whetherthe number of received indications associated with the at least onegroup is determined to exceed the threshold.
 64. The method of claim 63,further comprising preventing an incoming electronic communication fromthe source to reach the second recipient.
 65. The method of claim 64,further comprising allowing the incoming electronic communication toreach the second recipient if the number of received indicationsassociated with the at least one group is less than or equal to thethreshold.
 66. The method of claim 52, further comprising: identifying aplurality of online groups associated with a second recipient;determining a number of received indications associated with each of theplurality of groups by users associated with the plurality of onlinegroups reflecting the users' characterizations of the electroniccommunications from the source; and filtering a plurality of electroniccommunications to the second recipient based on the number of receivedindications assigned to the plurality of online groups.
 67. The methodof claim 66, wherein filtering a plurality of electronic communicationsto the second recipient comprises: identifying preferences of the secondrecipient associated with assigning less weight to the indications fromthe users associated with a first online group; and applying theidentified preferences against the received indications includesassigning less weight to the indications from the users associated withthe first user.
 68. The method of claim 52, further comprising:determining a plurality of identities associated with the firstrecipient, wherein each of the plurality of identities is associatedwith a set of preferences; determining an active identity of the firstrecipient; and filtering a plurality of electronic communications fromthe source based on preferences associated with the active identity. 69.The method of claim 68, wherein the active identity comprises anidentity used to log the first recipient into a host system.
 70. Themethod of claim 52, wherein identifying the one or more online groupscomprises: presenting a user interface to the first recipient, the userinterface comprising an option allowing the first recipient to provideinformation regarding a plurality of online groups; and receivingfeedback from the first recipient identifying the one or more onlinegroups.
 71. The method of claim 52, wherein filtering the plurality ofelectronic contention comprises: determining how to handle the incomingelectronic communications from the source based on the receivedindications associated with the at least one group, wherein a subset ofthe received indications are directly associated with the source.
 72. Acomputer-readable storage medium including instructions for processingelectronic communications, the instructions being executable by at leastone processor to cause the processor to perform steps comprising:receiving at least one indication from a first electronic communicationrecipient reflecting a characterization of at least one electroniccommunication; identifying, by at least one processor, one or moreonline groups associated with the first recipient based on at least thefirst recipient's interaction with the one or more online groups;associating the indication, by the at least one processor, with at leastone group from among the one or more online groups; determining, by theat least one processor, a number of received indications related to anelectronic communication source associated with the at least one group;and filtering, by the at least one processor, a plurality of electroniccommunications from a source based on at least the number of receivedindications related to the source.
 73. The computer-readable storagemedium of claim 72, wherein associating the indication to the one ormore online groups includes selectively assigning the indication to theone or more online groups of the first recipient based on preferences ofthe first recipient
 74. The computer-readable storage medium of claim73, wherein selectively assigning the indication to the one or moreonline groups of the first recipient based on the preferences of thefirst recipient comprises: presenting a user interface to the firstrecipient, the user interface including an option allowing the firstrecipient to select the one or more online groups; and obtainingfeedback from the first recipient, the feedback identifying the one ormore online groups.
 75. The computer-readable storage medium of claim74, wherein selectively assigning the indication to the one or moreonline groups of the first recipient based on the preferences of thefirst recipient includes assigning the indication to all of the one ormore online groups of the first recipient.
 76. The computer-readablestorage medium of claim 74, wherein selectively assigning the indicationto the one or more online groups of the first recipient based on thepreferences of the first recipient includes assigning the indication toa subset of all online groups of the recipient.